PubMed · 14394668
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T BABICZKY. 1955-02-27. [Retroperitoneal osteomas].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14394668/
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Poor respiratory function and obesity are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Obese persons may also have impaired lung function, but the mechanism is unclear. The authors investigated the relation between abdominal pattern of obesity and respiratory function in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) cohort in Norfolk, United Kingdom. This analysis included 9,674 men and 11,876 women aged 45-79 years with no known preexisting serious illness who had complete anthropometric and respiratory function measures obtained at a health visit between 1993 and 1997. Waist:hip ratio was used to assess abdominal obesity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), obtained by spirometry, were used to assess respiratory function. Both FEV1 and FVC were linearly and inversely related across the entire range of waist:hip ratio in both men and women. This relation persisted after adjustment for age, body mass index, cigarette smoking, social class, physical activity index, prevalent bronchitis/emphysema, and prevalent asthma. The association remained significant among nonobese nonsmokers without preexisting respiratory disease. In the general adult population, abdominal fat deposition may play a role in the impairment of respiratory function among the abdominally obese.
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BACKGROUND: Visceral adiposity is generally considered to play a key role in the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between directly measured visceral adiposity and the risk for incident hypertension, independent of other adipose depots and fasting plasma insulin levels. DESIGN: Community-based prospective cohort study with 10- to 11-year follow-up. SETTING: King County, Washington. PARTICIPANTS: 300 Japanese Americans with a systolic blood pressure less than 140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg who were not taking antihypertensive medications, oral hypoglycemic medications, or insulin at study entry. MEASUREMENTS: Abdominal, thoracic, and thigh fat areas were measured by using computed tomography. Total subcutaneous fat area was calculated as the sum of these fat areas excluding the intra-abdominal fat area. Hypertension during follow-up was defined as having a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater, having a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking antihypertensive medications. RESULTS: There were 92 incident cases of hypertension during the follow-up period. The intra-abdominal fat area was associated with an increased risk for hypertension. Multiple-adjusted odds ratios of hypertension for quartiles of intra-abdominal fat area (1 = lowest; 4 = highest) were 5.07 (95% CI, 1.75 to 14.73) for quartile 3 and 3.48 (CI, 1.01 to 11.99) for quartile 4 compared with quartile 1 after adjustment for age, sex, fasting plasma insulin level, 2-hour plasma glucose level, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and energy expenditure through exercise (P = 0.003 for quadratic trend). The intra-abdominal fat area remained a significant risk factor for hypertension, even after adjustment for total subcutaneous fat area, abdominal subcutaneous fat area, or waist circumference; however, no measure of these fat areas was associated with risk for hypertension in models that contained the intra-abdominal fat area. LIMITATIONS: It is not known whether these results pertain to other ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS: Greater visceral adiposity increases the risk for hypertension in Japanese Americans.