PubMed · 14842877
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E MINETTO, E CONCINA. 1951-03-31. [Bronchography (Technical notes)].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14842877/
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The c-jun oncogene is frequently overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC), but its functional involvement in lung cancer development has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we found that among the immediate-early serum responsible genes, exemplified by c-jun, c-fos and c-myc, induction of c-jun in a human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B, was dependent on anchorage, in contrast to clear induction of c-fos and c-myc under both anchorage-dependent and -independent conditions. In fact, forced expression of c-jun in BEAS-2B cells significantly increased cell viability and colony formation in soft agar. Furthermore, we also found that such anchorage-dependent regulation of c-jun was lost in a significant fraction of human lung cancer cell lines. Interestingly, suppressed anchorage-independent but not anchorage-dependent growth was noted by constitutive expression of a dominant-negative c-jun mutant in a lung cancer cell line showing dysregulated and sustained c-jun expression in the absence of anchorage. These findings suggest that dysregulated c-jun expression may be involved in the acquisition of anchorage independence in the process of human lung carcinogenesis.
Epidural emphysema is a rare condition and usually accompanies pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema (SCE), or pneumomediastinum. We report a child who presented with epidural emphysema (pneumorachis) and SCE. The child was subsequently found to have a foreign body obstructing the airway, which was the likely cause of the pneumorachis. Thus, foreign body aspiration should be considered in an infant with SCE, and early intervention in the form of bronchoscopy should to be done to arrest the condition's progressive nature.
Microarray technologies have provided the ability to monitor the expression of whole genomes rapidly. However, concerns persist with regard to quantitation and reproducibility, and the detection limits for individual genes in particular arrays are generally unknown. This article describes a semiautomated PCR-based technology, Q-RAGE, which rapidly provides measurements of mRNA abundance with extremely high sensitivity using fluorescent detection of specific products separated by capillary electrophoresis. A linear relationship between template concentration and fluorescent signal can be demonstrated down to template concentrations in the low aM region, corresponding to approximately 0.04 zmol (24 molecules) per reaction. The technique is shown to be quantitative over five orders of magnitude of template concentration, and average mRNA abundances of approximately 0.01 molecule per cell can be detected. A single predefined set of 320 primers provides 90-95% coverage of all eukaryotic genomes. Analysis of a set of 19 p53-regulated genes in untreated cultures of normal human epithelial cells, derived from three different tissues, revealed a 600-fold range of apparent constitutive expression levels. For most of the genes assayed, good correlations were observed among the expression levels in normal mammary, bronchial, and epidermal epithelial cells.