PubMed · 14885864
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L MELTZER. Endocrine hypersensitivity.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14885864/
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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products are omnipresent in wastewater world-wide. In order to predict their sorption quantities onto sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the solid-water distribution coefficients (Kd values) of selected pharmaceuticals (antiphlogistics, estrogens, lipid regulators, anti-epileptic and cytostatic agents) and polycyclic musk fragrances (HHCB, AHTN) were determined in primary and secondary sludges taken from a German municipal WWTP. For the Kd determination, batches of primary and secondary sludge slurries were spiked with the respective target compounds and slowly stirred under defined conditions (e.g. an argon atmosphere). Finally, the water and solid sludge phases were analysed. The Kd values of pharmaceuticals ranged from <1 to 500 L kg(-1), while those for the polycyclic musk fragrances AHTN and HHCB proved to be up to 5300 and 4900 L kg(-1), respectively. The primary and secondary sludge showed significant differences for some pharmaceuticals such as Diclofenac and Cyclophosphamide due to the different pH and composition of the two sludges. The removal rate from the water phase caused by sorption in a WWTP can be reasonably predicted on the basis of the Kd values.
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Angiogenesis is the focus of therapeutic efforts to promote new vessel development in damaged tissues. Conversely, inhibiting endothelial cell growth and survival is a strategy to treat various proliferative diseases. Much evidence indicates that VEGF is a key mediator of angiogenesis. Recently, a novel angiogenic mitogen with tissue-specific expression and target selectivity was characterized. Human endocrine gland derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) is selectively expressed in steroidogenic glands and promotes growth of endocrine gland endothelium. The identification of tissue-selective angiogenic factors raises the possibility that other secreted molecules in this class exist. The potential advantage of tissue-specific angiogenic therapeutics may be the reduction of systemic side effects. Additionally, these peptides or their receptors may be attractive targets for inhibition in several disorders.