PubMed · 14926938
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1952-02-07. [Asphyxia].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14926938/
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Thyroglossal duct cysts arise from remnants of embryonic thyroglossal duct that connects the foramen cecum at the base of the tongue to the thyroid gland. The remnants enlarge secondary to secretions from the epithelial lining. Usually, thyroglossal cysts present as non-tender masses. However, they may also become infected, produce fistulas or give hoarseness and dysphagia. Rarely, especially if the mass is located at the base of the tongue, airway obstruction and dyspnea can ensue. This unusual presentation has been mainly seen in very young children and has caused death in about half of these cases. Nevertheless, in the adult population, very few cases of airway obstruction by thyroglossal duct cysts have been reported, only one being fatal. We present the case of a 55-year-old man who died from fatal asphyxia caused by a thyroglossal cyst.
Pulmonary intra-alveolar siderophages (PS) have been suggested as a marker of previous attempts at imposed suffocation in infants dying suddenly and unexpectedly. The aims of this study were to (1) compare PS counts between cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and a control group comprised of infants whose deaths were attributed to accidental or inflicted suffocation, (2) compare clinical variables in SIDS and control suffocation cases, and (3) review individual cases irrespective of the cause and manner of death with an average PS count greater than 200 per 20 high-power fields (hpf) per lung lobe. Retrospective assessment of siderophages in available iron-stained lung sections was undertaken in 91 SIDS cases and 29 cases of death due to suffocation (27 accidents and 2 homicides) from the San Diego SIDS and Sudden Unexplained Death in Childhood (SUDC) Research Project (SDSSRP) database. Neither the means of the log-transformed PS counts nor the medians of the raw PS counts were significantly different between the SIDS and control suffocation groups. The distributions of the PS data were different, however-the range was wider in the SIDS group. Only 6% of each group had a history of prior apparent life-threatening events. Approximately three fourths of the families from both groups had no prior referral to Child Protective Services. The number of PS varies widely in cases of sudden infant death caused by SIDS and accidental or inflicted suffocation and cannot be used as an independent variable to ascertain past attempts at suffocation.
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