PubMed · 14954164
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1952-09-06. COUVADE.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14954164/
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The conventional criteria for a classical dissociation in single-case studies require that a patient be impaired on one task and within normal limits on another. J. R. Crawford and P. H. Garthwaite (2005) proposed an additional criterion, namely, that the patient's (standardized) difference on the two tasks should differ from the distribution of differences in controls. Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate these criteria. When Type I errors were defined as falsely concluding that a control case exhibited a dissociation, error rates were high for the conventional criteria but low for Crawford and Garthwaite's criteria. When Type I error rates were defined as falsely concluding that a patient with equivalent deficits on the two tasks exhibited a dissociation, error rates were very high for the conventional criteria but acceptable for the latter criteria. These latter criteria were robust in the face of nonnormal control data. The power to detect classical dissociations was studied.
The results of numerous surveys show that Exceptional Experiences (EE) belong to a human body of knowledge which is historically as well as trans-culturally common. They are frequent within the normal population . Although people with these experiences may develop irritations and alienations requiring treatment in consequence, the medical and psychosocial health care system hardly offers any competent help. In our study data were collected to better understand the clientele, their needs and the reported phenomena. In addition, data show the specific need for care in that area. Starting from N = 858 cases which were taken care of within the years of 1996 and 2000, sociodemographic data and mental health problems of this specific clientele are described. Moreover typical patterns of EE which were found by factor analysis are presented. Based on these patterns different EE-specific types of clients can be distinguished.
Previous studies have examined peritraumatic distress, peritraumatic dissociation, and acute stress disorder as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors examined whether these three predictors were associated with PTSD symptoms when considered simultaneously. Two-hundred victims of a factory explosion in Toulouse, France, were surveyed two and six months after the event with use of retrospective self-reports of peritraumatic distress, peritraumatic dissociation, and acute stress disorder. A hierarchical multiple regression predicting PTSD symptoms six months posttrauma indicated that all three constructs explained unique variance, accounting for up to 62 percent. Peritraumatic distress and dissociation and acute stress disorder appear conceptually different from one another and show promise in identifying who is at risk of PTSD.