PubMed · 15062071
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Michael J Sutcliffe. 2004. A copper-bottomed trafficking solution.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2004.03.009
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Copper and copper-based materials have gained increasing attention for the functional modification of implantable medical devices intended for prolonged soft-tissue contact, including vascular stents, catheters, and intrauterine devices. Owing to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, redox reactivity, and involvement in angiogenesis and cellular signaling, copper-based systems offer significant potential for multifunctional surface engineering. However, achieving a balance between antibacterial efficacy, corrosion behavior, controlled ion release, and cytocompatibility remains a critical challenge. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review analyzes copper-containing materials and surface modification strategies for soft-tissue biomedical applications. A structured search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed (2015-2025) identified 65 eligible studies. The review encompasses bulk copper-containing alloys, electrochemical and chemical surface modification techniques, physical vapor deposition approaches, and advanced hybrid systems integrating copper with polymers, hydrogels, or metal-phenolic networks. Across the reviewed literature, antibacterial performance was strongly dependent on copper concentration, microstructural distribution, and spatiotemporal ion release profiles. Moderate, well-controlled copper incorporation frequently improved antibacterial efficacy while maintaining acceptable hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility, particularly in vascular and blood-contacting devices. In contrast, excessive copper loading often accelerated corrosion and induced adverse cellular responses. Emerging multifunctional architectures demonstrated improved regulation of biological interactions, enabling simultaneous antibacterial, antithrombotic, and proendothelial effects. Overall, copper-based surface technologies represent a versatile platform for soft-tissue implant modification. Future translational progress will require precise control of copper release kinetics and comprehensive long-term in vivo validation to ensure safety and sustained therapeutic performance. From the authors' perspective, the most promising future direction involves multifunctional copper-based hybrid coatings capable of dynamically regulating ion release, host tissue integration, and antibacterial performance simultaneously. Strategies integrating hierarchical architectures, stimulus-responsive release systems, and clinically scalable fabrication methods are expected to play a key role in translating copper-containing surfaces from experimental concepts toward commercially viable soft-tissue biomedical devices.
Mining activities in Chile have generated large amounts of solid waste, which have been deposited in mine tailing impoundments. These impoundments cause concern to the communities due to dam failures or natural leaching to groundwater and rivers. This work shows the laboratory results of nine electrodialytic remediation experiments on copper mine tailings. The results show that electric current could remove copper from watery tailing if the potential gradient was higher than 2 V/cm during 21 days. With addition of sulphuric acid, the process was enhanced because the pH decreased to around 4, and the copper by this reason was released in the solution. Furthermore, with acidic tailing the potential gradient was less than 2 V/cm. The maximum copper removal reached in the anode side was 53% with addition of sulphuric acid in 21 days experiment at 20 V using approximately 1.8 kg mine tailing on dry basis. In addition, experiments with acidic tailing show that the copper removal is proportional with time.
The reaction of 1/3 equivalent of CuCl2.2H2O with MnCl2.4H2O and 5-bromo-2-salicylideneamino-1-propanol (H(2)5-Br-sap) in methanol gave dark brown crystals of [MnIIICuIICl(5-Br-sap)2(MeOH)] (1). Complex 1 has an alkoxo-bridged dinuclear core of MnIII and CuII ions, which have elongated octahedral and square-planar coordination geometries, respectively. In dc magnetic susceptibility measurements, chi(m)T values increased as the temperature was lowered, followed by a sudden decrease below 20 K. This behavior is indicative of the occurrence of intramolecular ferromagnetic interactions, and fitting gave an S=5/2 spin ground state with an exchange coupling constant J(MnCu) of +78 cm(-1). Magnetization data collected as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field were analyzed by using a spin Hamiltonian with isotropic Zeeman and axial zero-field splitting (ZFS) terms, and a negative D(5/2) value (-1.86 cm(-1)) was obtained. A high-field EPR (HFEPR) spectrum (342.0 GHz) at 4.2 K was composed of four peaks, and two additional peaks at higher magnetic field appeared as the temperature was increased. The temperature dependences in the HFEPR spectra are indicative of a negative D(5/2) value, and fitting of the data gave D(5/2)=-1.81 cm(-1). In the ac magnetic susceptibility measurements, frequency dependent in-phase (chi(m)') and out-of-phase (chi(m)'') signals with peak maxima at 0.7-1.5 K were observed and small peaks below 0.7 K appeared. The ac susceptibility data supports that 1 is a single-molecule magnet (SMM). Arrhenius plots for the chi(m)'' peaks from 0.7-1.5 K gave the re-orientation energy barrier (DeltaE) of 10.5 K with a pre-exponential factor of 8.2x10(-8) s.