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PubMed · 15157914

Cell therapy using human embryonic stem cells.

Sharon Gerecht-Nir·Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor
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Abstract

Cell therapy refers to the transplantation of healthy, functional and propagating cells to restore the viability or function of deficient tissues. Stem cells are characterized by self-renewal and the potential to form differentiated cells. In early mammalian embryos, at the blastocyst stage, the inner cell mass is pluripotent. Thus, it has been recognized that human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are derived from such cells of blastocysts, may serve as a source of numerous types of differentiated cells. The first part of this review summarizes different techniques for the derivation and maintenance of undifferentiated hESCs. In the second part, issues concerning the safety and bulk production, which may enable hESCs use in future clinical applications, are presented. The last part of this review details accumulated data regarding the in vitro differentiation potential of hESCs.

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BlastocystCell Culture TechniquesCell DifferentiationCell- and Tissue-Based TherapyHumansStem Cell TransplantationStem CellsJournal ArticleReview

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BibTeXRIS

Sharon Gerecht-Nir, Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor. 2004. Cell therapy using human embryonic stem cells.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trim.2003.12.013

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Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for an insertional translocation carrier.

BACKGROUND: While preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is well established for carriers of reciprocal terminal translocations, reports on PGD for insertional translocation carriers are lacking. Here, we report on the PGD of an insertional translocation carrier with karyotype 46,XX,ins(14;2)(q21;q31q35). Due to the possibility of crossovers within the inserted region, rather than a single probe, four probes are required for proper embryo selection. METHODS: Probes were generated for PGD using fluorescence in situ hybridization and two PGD cycles. RESULTS: Analysis of 10 embryos revealed four embryos to be normal diploid. Two embryos were consistent with 3:1 segregation of the theoretical quadrivalent and one was consistent with 2:2 or 1:1 segregation. Furthermore, one embryo was mosaic abnormal and one remained without diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: With increased acceptance of PGD, it is likely that more carriers of complex translocations will enter PGD programmes. The present results suggest that a careful genetic work-up of complex translocations is essential for proper embryo selection. While theoretical modelling may predict that quadrivalents will form during the meiosis of insertional translocations, experimental proof for the occurrence of quadrivalents is still lacking and more research on the meiotic process of both female and male insertional translocation carriers is warranted.

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