Vaccine adjuvant: it makes the difference.

Karla M Lima; Sandra Aparecida dos Santos; José M Rodrigues; Célio L Silva

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.12.030

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 15193397

Vaccine adjuvant: it makes the difference.

Karla M Lima·Sandra Aparecida dos Santos·José M Rodrigues·Célio L Silva

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The use of protein or DNA in vaccination process rather than living or attenuated microorganism, aims at the increase of the vaccines safety. However, in these cases, the use of adjuvant is frequently required to improve their immunogenicity. In this study, we show the importance of the adjuvant in a vaccine formulation. Vaccines for tuberculosis provide an instructive example, based on the mycobacterial 65 kDa heat shock protein (hsp65). The same antigen can elicit completely different patterns of immune response depending on how it is administered. Thus, the same antigen might or not protect mice from challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, depending on the formulation. These data suggest that, despite the name, the adjuvant plays a fundamental role on the vaccination process.

Explore related subjects

Adjuvants, Immunologic Animals Bacterial Proteins Chaperonin 60 Chaperonins Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis Vaccines Vaccines, DNA Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Karla M Lima, Sandra Aparecida dos Santos, José M Rodrigues, Célio L Silva. 2004-06-23. Vaccine adjuvant: it makes the difference.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.12.030

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Immunostimulatory RNA oligonucleotides trigger an antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell and IgG2a response.

Single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides containing an immunostimulatory motif (immunostimulatory RNA [isRNA]) are potent inducers of interferon-alpha via the Toll-like receptor 7. We investigated the effect of isRNA on the development of an immune response. We show that isRNA activates dendritic cells and induces production of Th1-type cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. Cytokine production led to bystander activation of T and B cells. We further demonstrate that isRNA triggers the generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells and of an IgG2a-biased antibody response to antigen in a sequence-dependent manner. In summary, we provide evidence for the first time that isRNA oligonucleotides can simultaneously activate the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2007

Reversal of type 1 diabetes in mice.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2007

Mechanism of third signals provided by IL-12 and OX-40R ligation in eliciting therapeutic immunity following dendritic-tumor fusion vaccination.

Dendritic-tumor heterokaryons generated by electrofusion are highly immunogenic. In animal studies, a single vaccination was therapeutic for tumors established in the lung, skin, and brain. However, effective therapy required a third signal which could be provided by exogenous IL-12 or the agonistic anti-OX-40R monoclonal antibody (mAb). In this study, we investigated the mechanism and mode of actions of these two seemingly distinct adjuvants. In immunotherapy of the MCA205 sarcoma, administration of the neutralizing anti-IL-12 mAb nearly completely blocked the adjuvant effect of IL-12, but had minimal inhibitory effects on anti-OX-40R mAb. By contrast, in vivo administration of the antagonistic anti-OX-40L mAb inhibited the adjuvant effects of both IL-12 and anti-OX-40R mAb. Thus, a common pathway of endogenous OX-40 interaction is critical for the development of a therapeutic immune response. Analysis of the third signal mechanism revealed that in the absence of an adjuvant, vaccination with fusion hybrids led to IL-10 production without eliciting IFN-gamma secreting cells. The addition of IL-12 to vaccination suppressed IL-10 production and initiated sensitization of specific IFN-gamma secreting cells, resulting in a type 1-like antitumor immunity. These findings underscore the significance of the third signal in the design of dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗