PubMed · 15397746
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W P HAVENS. 1949. Viral hepatitis; progress and problems.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15397746/
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In the industrialized world the threat of infectious diseases is mainly due to nosocomial infections and multi-resistant agents. In this context, microbiological evaluations have not only a benefit for the individual patient, but also allow to evaluate the local epidemiologic situation. However, quality and benefits are often compromised by incorrect specimen collection. This review attempts to summarize diagnostic procedures, collection and transport of appropriate specimens and relevant causative agents for prominent clinical manifestations of infectious diseases.
BACKGROUND: The legal and medical basis for chest radiographs as part of pre-employment examinations (PEE) at a University Hospital is evaluated. The radiographs are primarily performed to exclude infectious lung disease. METHODS: A total of 1760 consecutive chest radiographs performed as a routine part of PEEs were reviewed retrospectively. Pathologic findings were categorized as "nonrelevant" or "relevant." RESULTS: No positive finding with respect to tuberculosis or any other infectious disease was found; 94.8% of the chest radiographs were completely normal. Only five findings were regarded as "relevant" for the individual. No employment-relevant diagnosis occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of chest radiography as part of a PEE is most often not justified. The practice is expensive, can violate national and European law, and lacks medical justification.