PubMed · 1560936
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L O Simpson. 1992-04-08. Red cell shape in multiple sclerosis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1560936/
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We studied the protective effects of low power He-Ne laser irradiation on erythrocytes against the damage caused by experimental artificial heart-lung machines. The erythrocyte suspension in a closed circuit was perfused with a roller pump. One of two circuits was used for laser treatment and the other for control. The laser group demonstrated significantly higher erythrocyte deformability and erythrocyte ATP levels, and lower free hemoglobin and lipid peroxide levels. A laser output power of 8.5 mW was most effective in protecting the erythrocytes. A further morphological finding using a scanning electron microscope showed fewer echinocytes and more discocytes in the laser group. This finding was consistent with the results of physiological and biochemical tests. Low power He-Ne laser irradiation was shown to protect human erythrocytes from the damage caused by an experimental artificial heart-lung machine, raising the possibility of the clinical application of low power He-Ne laser treatment during extracorporeal circulation in cardiovascular surgery.
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We developed an in vitro model to produce urinary dysmorphic RBCs and to investigate the influence of pH and osmolality. The pH and osmolality of the RBCs suspension was made to change systematically within a range of pH 5-8 and 200-800 mOsm/kg, and at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min through a polycarbonate filter (Calif., USA) with pore diameter of 3 mu. Then the samples were examined with phase-contrast microscopy. Our data showed that: (1) The formation of glomerular RBCs depends on their passage through a narrow pore and the presence of certain suspension, which is also present in glomerulonephritis. Suspension of RBCs in urine with the same osmolality and pH, but without filtration did not produce glomerular shapes. (2) Urine facilitated the production of glomerular shapes. Filtration of RBCs suspension in physiological buffer instead of urine produce less dysmorphic shapes than filtration in urine of various pH and osmolality. (3) Certain types of urinary RBCs shapes occurring predominantly at specific conditions of pH and osmolality (< 400 mOsm/kg) produced glomerular shapes most frequently, e.g. doughnut-like RBCs were produced by urine with pH 7. Our data suggested that the mechanism of glomerular RBCs formation might result from the passage of RBCs through narrow defects in the ruptured glomerular capillary wall and a chemical injury to the RBCs in the tubular lumen induced by urinary constituents.