[Arthroscopic surgery].

Abstract

Although arthroscopy of the knee joint had already been reported during the 1930's, the general dissemination of this method first began in the 1970's. The main reason for the rapid dissemination of this method was especially the fact that in addition to diagnostics, therapeutic possibilities were recognized and immediately implemented. This meant that arthroscopy had great potential and was made well known since the surgery was minimally invasive. Today we can assume that the technological side of the arthroscopic method is very widely developed and new innovations only arise slowly. Innovations are mostly connected with new innovative operating techniques. Surgery of the knee joint was the dominant application of arthroscopy in the beginning. The method was quickly applied to other joints. Today there is practically no joint which is inaccessible to arthroscopy. From surgical and therapeutic perspectives, arthroscopy is most frequently used today for the knee joint, followed by the shoulder joint, ankle joint, elbow joint, hip joint as well as wrist joint. Arthroscopic surgery within the field of joint surgery is regarded as indispensable. This specific surgery needs corresponding ability and skill, which must be individually acquired. Arthroscopic surgery evidently depends on technology and accordingly requires a corresponding fully operational medical infrastructure and knowledge. The big advantage of arthroscopic surgery lies in the minimally invasive technique, which has reduced the primary postoperative mortality significantly. Therefore, with good indicators the patient has decisive advantages as well as good cost to benefit ratios.