PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 15819678

Development and validation of a mathematical algorithm for quantifying preoperative blood volume by means of the decrease in hematocrit resulting from acute normovolemic hemodilution.

Matthias Jacob·Dirk Bruegger·Peter Conzen·Bernhard Friedrich Becker·Udilo Finsterer·Markus Rehm
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The interindividual variability of blood volume (BV) is high. The aim of this work was to use the decrease in large-vessel hematocrit (HK(LV)) during acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) as an instrument for estimating preoperative BV. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In 39 patients, (Group 1) preoperative ANH was performed. Plasma volume, red cell volume, and HK(LV) were measured before and 30 minutes after ANH, respectively. In a retrospective analysis, a mathematical algorithm was developed for estimating BV before ANH by means of the measured changes in HK(LV) and the amount of blood removed during ANH. To validate the method prospectively, ANH was performed in an additional 10 patients (Group 2). Preoperative BV was estimated and measured in the same way as in Group 1. RESULTS: In Group 1, the mean difference between estimated and measured BV before ANH was 200 +/- 403 mL (5.14 +/- 10.12%; p > 0.05; r = 0.8). In Group 2, the estimated BV before ANH was 41 +/- 348 mL (-0.53 +/- 7.84%) lower than the measured BV (p > 0.05; r = 0.94). In this group, however, two patients with an extraordinarily small (2691 mL) and large (6172 mL) preoperative BV, respectively, were identified correctly by means of the algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The changes in HK(LV) determined during ANH provide a good "bedside" estimation of preoperative BV.

Explore related subjects

AlgorithmsBlood Volume DeterminationHematocritHemodilutionHumansModels, BiologicalPreoperative CareRetrospective StudiesJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tValidation Study

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Matthias Jacob, Dirk Bruegger, Peter Conzen, Bernhard Friedrich Becker, Udilo Finsterer, Markus Rehm. 2005. Development and validation of a mathematical algorithm for quantifying preoperative blood volume by means of the decrease in hematocrit resulting from acute normovolemic hemodilution.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0041-1132.2005.04292.x

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

A note on a generalized single step theory for any number of hierarchical genomic matrices.

BACKGROUND: The Single Step algorithm allows combining information from genotyped and un-genotyped individuals, provided they are connected by a pedigree. However, current single step theory is limited to a single list of markers. RESULTS: We present a generalized single step (GSS) method that can accommodate any number of hierarchical molecular datasets (e.g. sequence, high and low density arrays) and pedigree, avoiding imputation. We prove that a similar efficient inversion algorithm exists. The method is recursive, starting with the highest marker density scenario. We illustrate the method with simulation and show that GSS can increase predictive accuracy compared to standard single step. R code is provided so that custom scenarios can be easily compared, either with simulated or real data. CONCLUSION: The method developed generalizes extant single step theory to any number of hierarchical molecular relationship matrices, broadening the scenarios where single step can be applied. A topic of particular interest can be ecology field data or human populations where pedigree is not available, but where samples sequenced and genotyped at different densities can exist. GSS can also be a useful tool to optimize allocation of genotyping and / or sequencing resources.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2026

cgDist: Nucleotide-level distance calculation from cgMLST allelic profiles.

Bacterial genomic surveillance requires balancing computational efficiency with genetic resolution for effective cluster investigation. cgMLST distance calculations treat all allelic differences as equivalent units, obscuring nucleotide-level variation. Furthermore, single nucleotide polymorphism-based pipelines provide finer resolution at substantially higher computational cost, which limits their routine deployment in surveillance laboratories. We present cgDist, an algorithm that calculates nucleotide-level distances directly from cgMLST allelic profiles, providing finer resolution than allele-count distances by leveraging within-allele nucleotide variation. The cache architecture stores alignment statistics, enabling distance calculation modes without computation and supporting both dataset-specific and schema-complete cache generation. This design enables incremental surveillance analysis, with performance benefits as laboratories accumulate alignment data. cgDist functions as a precision 'zoom lens' for the investigation of clusters identified through initial cgMLST screening. Rather than restructuring population relationships, this targeted approach concentrates enhanced resolution where it is most informative. The algorithm ensures that cgDist distances are greater than or equal to corresponding cgMLST distances, preserving epidemiological interpretability while adding genetic discrimination. By increasing resolution within identified clusters, cgDist may also support outbreak investigation, a potential application that remains to be evaluated on outbreak-derived data.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2026

Theseus: fast and optimal affine-gap sequence-to-graph alignment.

MOTIVATION: Sequence-to-graph alignment is a central problem in bioinformatics, with applications in multiple sequence alignment (MSA) and pangenome analysis, among others. However, current algorithms for optimal affine-gap alignment impose high memory and computational requirements, limiting their scalability to aligning long sequences to complex graphs. Practical solutions partially address this problem using heuristic strategies that ultimately trade off optimality for speed. RESULTS: This work presents Theseus, a novel, fast, and optimal affine-gap sequence-to-graph alignment algorithm. Theseus leverages similarities between genomic sequences to accelerate the alignment computation and reduces the overall memory requirements without compromising optimality. To that end, Theseus processes only a subset of the dynamic programming cells, using a sparse-data strategy that enables efficient sequence-to-graph alignment. Moreover, our algorithm supports optimal affine-gap alignment on arbitrary directed graphs, including those with cycles. We evaluate Theseus on two key problems: MSA and pangenome read mapping. For MSA, we compare it against SPOA, abPOA, and POASTA. Theseus is 1.6× to 17.6× faster than POASTA, and 7.3× faster, on average, than SPOA, both optimal aligners. Compared with abPOA, Theseus ensures optimality and scales to the largest problems. For pangenome read mapping, we benchmark Theseus against the alignment stage of the mapping tool vg map, along with the alignment kernels of SPOA, abPOA, and POASTA. Theseus outperforms the other methods, showing a 1.9× to 16.9× speedup on short reads. Moreover, Theseus is 1.5× to 36.3× faster than vg when aligning against synthetic cyclic graphs. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: Theseus code and documentation are publicly available at https://github.com/albertjimenezbl/theseus-lib.

Algorithms↗