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PubMed · 15836454

The ileocolonic sphincter.

C-H Malbert
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Abstract

The human ileocolonic sphincter (ICS) develops a sustained tone mainly due to propagated and not propagated phasic motor activity. The ileocaecocolonic segment is also able to behave, yet uncommonly, as a synchronized segment involving propagated contractions originating from the ileum and migrating to the proximal colon. The ICS motor activity alone has a limited role towards forward flow. On the contrary, the functional entity corresponding to the distal ileum and the ICS provides a clearance mechanism for reflux of colonic contents into the small intestine. The presence of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the distal ileum, sensed either by endocrine cells or chemo-sensitive vagal afferents, is an important actor in triggering this clearance mechanism. The ICS tone is in part myogenic but a neuronal nitrergic component is also involved. Reflex excitatory and inhibitory responses of the ICS originating from ileal or colonic distension involve primarily spinal nitrergic and adrenergic pathways.

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AnimalsColonGastrointestinal MotilityHumansIleocecal ValveIleumJournal ArticleReview

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C-H Malbert. 2005. The ileocolonic sphincter.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00657.x

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