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PubMed · 1585049

[Disordered retrograde memory: diagnostic procedures in brain damage].

H J Markowitsch
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Abstract

The maintenance of old memories subsequent to brain damage is discussed with the particular aim of pointing out problems and possibilities of measuring them post-injury. Relationships between forms of brain damage and retrograde amnesia are outlined, and various recent tests designed to measure old memories are specified and assessed. From this survey it is concluded that tests and test batteries are rather heterogenous so far and at best only crudely comparable between studies, and that a clinically practicable (i.e., short), yet valid and reliable test still has to be created.

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Amnesia, RetrogradeBrain Damage, ChronicDementiaHumansNeuropsychological TestsEnglish AbstractJournal ArticleReview

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H J Markowitsch. 1992. [Disordered retrograde memory: diagnostic procedures in brain damage].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1585049/

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Glucocorticoid mechanisms may contribute to ECT-induced retrograde amnesia.

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PubMed2006

[Comparison of retrograde amnesia changes within different injury levels of cerebral concussion in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the retrograde amnesia changes within different injury levels of cerebral concussion in rats. METHODS: A metallic pendulum striker device of brain injury was deployed to duplicate CC models of different injury levels within Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats. The investigated animals were divided into two groups according to classification standard, that is, Pure Cerebral Concussion (PCC) group and Complicated Cerebral Concussion (CCC) group. One control group was used, and each group included 8 animals. The retrograde amnesia of each group was assessed by Morris Water Maze (MWM) Test from 3 days preinjury to 7 days postconcussion. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the retrograde amnesia was detected within 3 days in PCC group, and 5 days in CCC group after injury. At the same time, the two groups both manifested space recognition deficit. CONCLUSION: The retrograde amnesia existed in both pure cerebral concussion group and complicated cerebral concussion. Furthermore, the lasting time of retrograde amnesia in animals correlates to the injury level of brain concussion.

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