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Dietary restraint and US devaluation predict evaluative learning.

Jeffrey M Brunstrom·Suzanne Higgs·Gemma L Mitchell
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Abstract

Previous research has indicated that flavor-flavor learning is impaired in restrained eaters. In Experiment 1 we sought to extend this finding using a larger sample and a more comprehensive assessment of dietary behavior. Participants (N=90, including 30 current dieters) sampled three novel flavors (CSs), each on 10 separate occasions, in a randomized order. Each flavor was paired with chocolate (US) either 10%, 50%, or 90% of the time. We then assessed liking for the three CSs and asked participants to complete the DEBQ-restraint and TFEQ-disinhibition sub-scales. After these CS-US parings, restrained eaters tended to prefer the 10% paired flavor whereas unrestrained eaters tended to prefer the 90% paired flavor. Differential CS liking was not evident in dieters and it was not predicted by disinhibition. Using a similar methodology, in Experiment 2 (N=76) we assessed evaluative change following picture-sweet pairings. Relative to the other CSs, the restrained eaters reported a greater increase in their liking for the 10% paired CS and the unrestrained eaters reported a greater increase in their liking for the 90% paired CS. We also discovered that evaluative change is related to the level of US devaluation that takes place during conditioning. Evidence that a sweet US can bring about a decrease in liking has not been reported previously. One interpretation is that negative beliefs and attitudes can contaminate the representation of the US during training.

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AdultAssociation LearningAwarenessChoice BehaviorConditioning, PsychologicalDietDiet, ReducingFeeding BehaviorFemaleFood PreferencesHumansPredictive Value of TestsSurveys and QuestionnairesTasteClinical TrialJournal ArticleRandomized Controlled TrialResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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BibTeXRIS

Jeffrey M Brunstrom, Suzanne Higgs, Gemma L Mitchell. 2005-08-07. Dietary restraint and US devaluation predict evaluative learning.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.06.001

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