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PubMed · 16094190

Neonatal security: it takes a community.

Sarah Mertens
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Abstract

A heightened awareness of infant security issues surfaced in the 1990s, driven by attempted and successful infant abductions. During that time, many hospitals began implementing policies, procedures, and staff training to protect the babies in their care. In addition, high-profile hospitals began investing in infant security systems as a technological aid to bolster security.

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CrimeEquipment DesignHealth Facility EnvironmentHumansInfant, NewbornNurseries, HospitalQuality Assurance, Health CareRisk ManagementSecurity MeasuresStaff DevelopmentWisconsinJournal ArticleReview

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Sarah Mertens. 2005. Neonatal security: it takes a community.. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006247-200508000-00012

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Eyewitness lineups: is the appearance-change instruction a good idea?

The Department of Justice's Guide for lineups recommends warning eyewitnesses that the culprit's appearance might have changed since the time of the crime. This appearance-change instruction (ACI) has never been empirically tested. A video crime with four culprits was viewed by 289 participants who then attempted to identify the culprits from four 6-person arrays that either included or did not include the culprit. Participants either received the ACI or not and all were warned that the culprit might or might not be in the arrays. The culprits varied in how much their appearance changed from the video to their lineup arrays, but the ACI did not improve identification decisions for any of the lineups. Collapsed over the four culprits, the ACI increased false alarms and filler identifications but did not increase culprit identifications. The ACI reduced confidence and increased response latency. Two processes that could account for these results are discussed, namely a decision criterion shift and a general increase in ecphoric similarity.

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