PubMed · 16277621
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
Joanne Neale, Debby Allen, Lindsey Coombes. 2005. Qualitative research methods within the addictions.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01230.x
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Despite an estimated heritability of ~50%, genome-wide association studies of opioid use disorder (OUD) have revealed few genome-wide significant loci. We conducted a cross-ancestry meta-analysis of OUD in the Million Veteran Program (N = 425,944). In addition to known exonic variants in OPRM1 and FURIN, we identified intronic variants in RABEPK, FBXW4, NCAM1 and KCNN1. A meta-analysis including other datasets identified a locus in TSNARE1. In total, we identified 14 loci for OUD, 12 of which are novel. Significant genetic correlations were identified for 127 traits, including psychiatric disorders and other substance use-related traits. The only significantly enriched cell-type group was CNS, with gene expression enrichment in brain regions previously associated with substance use disorders. These findings increase our understanding of the biological basis of OUD and provide further evidence that it is a brain disease, which may help to reduce stigma and inform efforts to address the opioid epidemic.
Tobacco use is dominated by cigarette smoking. Most toxicity due to cigarette smoking is related to the burning process. Several observations suggest that unburned or oral tobacco is less harmful than cigarette smoking. Up to now, physicians have advised a policy based on two ideas: (i) young people should not start smoking and (ii) the only choice for smokers is to quit. However, numerous smokers cannot or do not want to give up; eventually, one out of two lifelong smokers will die from smoke-related diseases. Thus, it is legitimate to ask if alternate nicotine containing product use would be better than cigarette smoking and limit the tobacco death toll. However, the logic leading to the concept of tobacco harm reduction (THR) turns out to be much more complex than it looks at a first glance.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.