PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 16389428

New diagnostic imaging techniques.

Mark D Morasch
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Improvements in results after vascular intervention are partly due to advances in diagnostic imaging. The trend toward noninvasive diagnosis has also reduced patient exposure to undue risk. Normal and pathologic aortic, carotid, and lower-extremity vasculature can be imaged precisely by using a combination of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging techniques before definitive open or minimally invasive reconstruction of occlusive or aneurysmal disease. These same imaging modalities, which were developed for the clinical management of patients, are also helping investigators study the biology of atherosclerosis in vivo in ways never before imagined.

Explore related subjects

Aortic DiseasesCarotid StenosisContrast MediaHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMagnetic Resonance AngiographyPeripheral Vascular DiseasesTomography, X-Ray ComputedUltrasonography, InterventionalJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Mark D Morasch. 2005. New diagnostic imaging techniques.. https://doi.org/10.1177/153100350501700408

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of individuals with fragile X syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability. Since the identification of the responsible gene (FMR1) and its protein (FMRP), there has been enormous progress in both clinical and pathogenetic research on the neurobehavioural aspects of the condition. However, studies regarding other medical problems anticipated in individuals with FXS are limited. A multidisciplinary study evaluating various causes of morbidity in the same group has not been published yet. METHODS: Twenty-four boys with FXS full mutation were recruited out of a larger group of 103 diagnosed in one centre over the past 10 years. Ear nose and throat, eye and cardiac examinations were performed in addition to routine cognitive, behavioural, neurological and speech and language assessments. RESULTS: The average IQ score was 49.8 +/- 20 (range 25-90). There were four patients (18%) with IQ above 70. Using DSM-IV, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was diagnosed in five boys out of 22 examined (23%), while 32% were diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder. The seizure frequency was 17%. A psychiatric disorder was diagnosed in six out of eight boys with electroencephalogram abnormalities (75%). Minimal conductive hearing loss was found in five (5/22) patients. There was significant delay in both expressive and receptive language skills. Ocular findings were refractive errors (13%) and strabismus (4.4%). Mitral valve prolapsus (MVP) was observed in 3/22 (13.7%) patients and aortic annulus dilatation was present in 2/22 (9%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Frequency of psychiatric diagnoses made with DSM-IV were in parallel to those reported in the literature. Comorbidity of seizures and psychiatric disorders was noteworthy. The percentage of 'high-functioning' full mutation males supports the previous observations. Ear nose and throat and eye examination revealed remarkably lower prevalence of abnormal findings than reported. MVP was slightly less frequent compared with the single study in the literature. Age at the time of examination had an effect on the outcome of cardiac evaluation. These findings will guide us in future management of the group of patients followed in our institution. The protocol applied provides an applicable outline for multidisciplinary institutional settings dealing with individuals with FXS.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMed2007

Calcifications, arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis.

UNLABELLED: Vascular calcification can occur in either the intimal or medial layers of the arterial wall. Intimal calcification is associated with atherosclerosis, which is characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, fibrosis and development of focal plaques. Medial calcification is associated with arterio sclerosis, i.e. age- and metabolic disease-related structural changes in the arterial wall which are related to increased arterial stiffness. It has been hypothesized that vascular calcification, either intimal or medial, may directly increase arterial stiffness. Alternatively, arterial stiffness may contribute to the development of calcification and focal plaque. Ample evidence (i.e. animal data and studies of diabetes and end-stage renal disease) has demonstrated that medial calcification of elastic fibers contributes to increased arterial stiffness. Evidence linking intimal calcification with arterial stiffness is less definitive, partly because it is very difficult to differentiate vascular calcification due to focal plaques (intimal) from medial calcification, and partly because the number of studies has been small. CONCLUSION: Current evidence supports that medial calcification is associated with increases in arterial stiffness. The association between intimal (atherosclerotic-associated) calcification and arterial stiffness is less definitive.

Aortic Diseases↗