PubMed · 1675070
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J A Cipkala-Gaffin, J Kane, M J Cleveland. 1991. Codependency: is it affecting our nursing practice?. https://doi.org/10.1177/104345429100800211
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The purpose of our study was to reanalyze the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ; Blatt, D'Afflitti, & Quinlan, 1976, 1979) and to evaluate relationships between the questionnaire's factors and other construct-related measures, the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961) and the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (Edwards, 1959). We argue that composite scores derived from this study's principal components analysis are more interpretively useful than the original factor scales reported by Blatt et al. (1976; Blatt, Quinlan, Chevron, McDonald, & Zuroff, 1982). Correlational evidence reported in this study does not support the Dependency and Self-Criticism factors as adequate representations of anaclitic and introjective depression (Blatt, 1974). The third DEQ factor scale, Efficacy, as revised for this study, demonstrated moderate to strong associations with other personality measures.
Chronically suicidal patients with serious personality disorders present their therapists with clinical problems that are subtle, intense and complicated. Therapists need to tolerate a great deal of uncertainty, to recognize both the interpersonal and the intrapsychic complexities of the functions and meanings of suicidality, and, above all, to keep in view the fact that the suicidality is both a hindrance and a help to the patient. Suicidality, in fact, may be central to a patient's search for a degree of dignity and autonomy as well as connectedness worth staying alive to enjoy.
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