PubMed · 1679876
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M P Glauser, G Zanetti, J D Baumgartner, J Cohen. 1991-09-21. Septic shock: pathogenesis.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91452-z
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High concentrations of tumour necrosis factor may threaten the well-being of the foetus. Secretion of soluble cytokine receptors has been suggested as a mechanism for regulating cytokine activity in vivo. In this study pregnancy-related materials were examined for the presence of soluble receptors (p55 and p75) for tumour necrosis factor. In contrast to control materials, serum and urine samples from pregnant women and newborns contained high concentrations of p55, and p55 was highly expressed by villous syncytiotrophoblasts. Thus, the present data suggest that shedding of specific receptors may contribute to the regulation of tumour necrosis factor activity throughout a normal pregnancy.
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Many cytokines and cytokine receptors involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis, immune responses, and inflammation have been identified and characterized at the molecular level. Several characteristic features of cytokines, such as pleiotropy and redundancy, are now more clearly understood on the basis of their molecular structures. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated an intimate link between cytokines and various diseases such as allergy, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The pathogenesis of these diseases and therapies to treat them will be discussed based on insights derived from cytokine research.