PubMed · 1709762
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V Walbot. 1991. RNA editing fixes problems in plant mitochondrial transcripts.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9525(91)90225-f
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Although progress in clinical and basic research has significantly increased our understanding of breast cancer, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying breast cancer metastasis. Identification of effective therapeutic targets to prevent breast cancer metastasis is urgently needed. The function of miR-503-3p has been investigated in other cancers, but its role in breast cancer remains undefined. Here, we found that miR-503-3p was overexpressed in breast cancer tissue and plasma compared with adjacent normal breast tissue and with plasma from healthy individuals. Moreover, we identified miR-503-3p to be an oncogene of breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Upregulation of miR-503-3p in breast cancer cells inhibited expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein SMAD2 and the epithelial marker protein E-cadherin by directly binding to their mRNA 3' untranslated region, whereas increased expression of mesenchymal marker proteins, including vimentin and N-cadherin. Taken together, our findings support a critical role for miR-503-3p in induction of breast cancer EMT and suggest that plasma miR-503-3p may be a useful diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer.
Through exhaustive two-hybrid screens using a budding yeast genomic library, and starting with the splicing factor and DEAH-box RNA helicase Prp22p as bait, we identified yeast Prp45p and Prp46p. We show that as well as interacting in two-hybrid screens, Prp45p and Prp46p interact with each other in vitro. We demonstrate that Prp45p and Prp46p are spliceosome associated throughout the splicing process and both are essential for pre-mRNA splicing. Under nonsplicing conditions they also associate in coprecipitation assays with low levels of the U2, U5, and U6 snRNAs that may indicate their presence in endogenous activated spliceosomes or in a postsplicing snRNP complex.
Molecular modeling is used to demonstrate that the major structural deformations of DNA caused by four different minor groove binding proteins, TBP, SRY, LEF-1, and PurR, can all be mimicked by stretching the double helix between two 3'-phosphate groups flanking the binding region. This deformation reproduces the widening of the minor groove and the overall bending and unwinding of DNA caused by protein binding. It also reproduces the principal kinks associated with partially intercalated amino acid side chains, observed with such interactions. In addition, when protein binding involves a local transition to an A-like conformation, phosphate neutralization, via the formation of protein-DNA salt bridges, appears to favor the resulting deformation.