PubMed · 17148869
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Jon A Sanford, Karen Milchus. 2006. Evidence-based practice in workplace accommodations.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17148869/
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BACKGROUND: Despite the convergence of scientific data to the effect that interventions in the workplace promote a healthy return to work, the interventions carried out in the real work environment appear to be very heterogeneous and ill-defined. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review is to identify the different objectives pursued through the workplace interventions carried out in the context of a rehabilitation program, and to describe the activities involved. METHODS: A descriptive review of the literature, including various research designs, was carried out. RESULTS: This review reveals great heterogeneity in the content of interventions offered in the workplace to workers with musculoskeletal disabilities. The objectives of workplace interventions may range from gathering information in order to reproduce work demands in a clinical setting, to gradually exposing workers to the demands of the real work environment, or permanently reducing the demands of the work situation. A descriptive analysis of the literature also brings to light the diversity of actions carried out, human resources used, and workplace environments involved, while highlighting the few documented process outcome evaluations that have been done of workplace interventions. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that in future research in this area, efforts be made to better describe the components of the interventions, to develop process outcomes representing the multidimensional results obtained in the workplace, and to differentiate between temporary and permanent modifications made to the work situation.
This paper proposes a method and an information technology tool aiming to support the ergonomics layout design of individual workstations in a given space (building). The proposed method shares common ideas with previous generic methods for office layout. However, it goes a step forward and focuses on the cognitive tasks which have to be carried out by the designer or the design team trying to alleviate them. This is achieved in two ways: (i) by decomposing the layout design problem to six main stages, during which only a limited number of variables and requirements are considered and (ii) by converting the ergonomics requirements to functional design guidelines. The information technology tool (ErgoOffice 0.1) automates certain phases of the layout design process, and supports the design team either by its editing and graphical facilities or by providing adequate memory support.
The influence of physical work conditions on adverse pregnancy outcomes is in Denmark guided by recommendations from the Danish Labour Inspection. In this review, the literature on physically demanding work and its influence on pregnancy outcomes is examined. There is no evidence for posing accurate weight limits designed for pregnant women carrying heavy loads. In relation to work with standing or walking postures, it seems that especially prolonged standing is critical for pregnant women. There is no study that deals with the influence of pulling or pushing on pregnancy outcomes.