Short- and long-range processes in structure-from-motion.

M Dick; S Ullman; D Sagi

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90197-d

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 1771786

Short- and long-range processes in structure-from-motion.

M Dick·S Ullman·D Sagi

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Human ability to detect 3-D structure in an array of 2-D moving dots was tested. Under limited exposure time, we found high detection rates only when the 2-D motion was restricted to the spatio-temporal region of short-range motion. Long-range moving dots failed to produce a strong impression of 3-D structure and yielded only weak detection rates. This result is consistent with the view that the processing of long-range motion is more serial than that of short-range motion.

Explore related subjects

Depth Perception Humans Motion Perception Rotation Time Factors Journal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

M Dick, S Ullman, D Sagi. 1991. Short- and long-range processes in structure-from-motion.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(91)90197-d

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2006

The effects of phase on the perception of 3D shape from texture: psychophysics and modeling.

Two experiments are reported in which observers judged the apparent shapes of elliptical cylinders with eight different textures that were presented with scrambled and unscrambled phase spectra. The results revealed that the apparent depths of these surfaces varied linearly with the ground truth in all conditions, and that the overall magnitude of surface relief was systematically underestimated. In general, the apparent depth of a surface is significantly attenuated when the phase spectrum of its texture is randomly scrambled, though the magnitude of this effect varies for different types of texture. A new computational model of 3D shape from texture is proposed in which apparent depth is estimated from the relative density of edges in different local regions of an image, and the predictions of this model are highly correlated with the observers' judgments.

Depth Perception↗

PubMed2006

Stereomotion suppression and the perception of speed: accuracy and precision as a function of 3D trajectory.

The precision and accuracy of speed discrimination performance for stereomotion stimuli were assessed for several receding 3D trajectories confined to the horizontal meridian. It has previously been demonstrated in a variety of tasks that detection thresholds are substantially higher when subjects observe a stereomotion stimulus than when simply viewing one of its component monocular half-images--a phenomenon known as stereomotion suppression (C. W. Tyler, 1971). Using monocularly visible motion in depth targets, we found mean speed discrimination thresholds to be higher for stereomotion, compared with monocular lateral speed discrimination thresholds for equivalent stimuli, demonstrating a disadvantage for binocular viewing in the case of speed discrimination as well. Furthermore, speed discrimination thresholds for motion in depth were not systematically affected by trajectory angle; hence, the disadvantage of binocular viewing persists even when there are concurrent changes in binocular visual direction. Lastly, there was a tendency for oblique trajectories of stereomotion to be perceived as faster than equally rapid motion receding directly away from the subject along the midline. Our data, in addition to earlier stereomotion suppression observations, are consistent with a stereomotion system that takes a noisy, weighted difference of the stimulus velocities in the two eyes to compute motion in depth.

Depth Perception↗

PubMed2006

Visual saliency and texture segregation without feature gradient.

A central notion in the study of texture segregation is that of feature gradient (or feature contrast). In orientation-based texture segregation, orientation gradients have indeed played a fundamental role in explaining behavioral results. Here, however, we show that general, smoothly varying, orientation-defined textures (ODTs) exhibit striking perceptual singularities that are completely unpredictable from orientation gradients. These singularities defy not only popular texture segregation theories but also virtually all computational segmentation methods, and they confound previous behavioral studies with smoothly varying ODTs. We provide psychophysical evidence that perceptual singularities in smooth ODTs are salient visual features consistent across observers and with significant effect on the perception and segregation of oriented textures. We further show that, although orientation gradients cannot predict them, perceptual singularities in smooth ODTs emerge directly from, and can be spatially localized by, two ODT curvatures. Given the traditional role of feature gradients in early vision, the significance of these findings extends well beyond orientation-based texture segregation to issues ranging from curve integration and fragment grouping, through the perception of 3D shape, to the functional organization of the primary visual cortex.

Depth Perception↗