What are normal esthetic values?

M A Pogrel

doi:10.1016/0278-2391(91)90060-y

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 1886024

What are normal esthetic values?

M A Pogrel

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The management of dentofacial deformities is at least partially assessed on the basis of standardized radiographs and photographs, which are analyzed according to accepted norms. Although one frequently hears the cry of "Treat the patient, not the cephalometric radiograph," with the development of sophisticated computer-assisted digitizing systems and cephalometric analysis programs, there may be a greater reliance on cephalometric and photometric norms than previously. If we are to become more dependent on these normal values, it is necessary to know their origin and significance.

Explore related subjects

Cephalometry Esthetics Ethnicity Female Humans Male Orthodontics Planning Techniques Reference Values Journal Article Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

M A Pogrel. 1991. What are normal esthetic values?. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(91)90060-y

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of maxillary protraction with and without rapid palatal expansion.

The aims of this study were to determine the reaction of the craniofacial bones on the protraction force transferred to the maxillary body, and whether or not the midpalatal suture had opened during skeletal Class III treatment. A computerized tomograph was obtained from a dry skull with a normal occlusion to construct a three-dimensional finite-element model (3D.FEM) of the craniofacial bones and the maxillary teeth to simulate actual bone reactions. A protraction force of 500 g was applied at the first premolar region, directed 20 degrees inferior to the occlusal plane. The displacement and the stress distribution of the craniofacial bones and sutures were then calculated using the ANSYS 5.3 program dividing the analysis into two simulations, based on whether or not the midpalatal suture was opened. The results showed that there was less compressive stress and greater tensile stress in the circumaxillary suture areas when the midpalatal suture was opened. The amount of displacement and deformation when the midpalatal suture was opened also demonstrated a decrease in upward-forward rotation of the maxilla and zygomatic arch and greater amounts of displacement in the frontal, vertical, and lateral directions compared with no opening of the midpalatal suture. Analysis of these results showed that maxillary protraction produce similar changes to normal downward and forward growth of the maxilla and was achieved with accompanying opening of the midpalatal suture.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2007

Osseointegrated implants with pendulum springs for maxillary molar distalization: a cephalometric study.

INTRODUCTION: Maxillary molar distalization is a common treatment approach for patients with Class II malocclusions who do not require extractions. Despite the many advantages of pendulum appliances, the maxillary incisors and premolars tend to shift mesially as the maxillary molars move distally. The purpose of this study was to investigate anchorage loss in patients treated with palatal osseointegrated implants combined with pendulum springs. METHODS: Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalometric films of 30 consecutively treated patients were examined. One group (n = 15) had been treated with conventional pendulum appliances, and the other group (n = 15) was treated with palatal osseointegrated implants combined with pendulum springs. RESULTS: In the pendulum group, significant distal tipping of the maxillary first molars and mesial tipping of the maxillary premolars were noted. Distalization of the maxillary first molars, mesialization of the maxillary first premolars, and proclination of the maxillary left central incisor were significant in the linear measurements. In the implant group, the distal tipping of the maxillary first molars and first premolars and the increases in SNGoGn, FMA, Na Me, and Na ANS were significant. Intergroup comparisons showed that changes in the maxillary first premolars, maxillary central incisors, and vertical measurements were significant. CONCLUSIONS: The use of palatal osseointegrated implants is reliable and provides absolute anchorage.

Cephalometry↗

PubMed2007

Photo archiving, cephalometric analyses, and information sharing on the Internet.

The method we use to collect, store, and share dental records of our patients is rapidly becoming digital. Many programs have been designed to run on a single computer or local network to handle various tasks, including cephalometric analysis and orthodontic treatment planning. Selecting a system can be complex, requiring consideration of capital investment costs and subscription or update fees, as well as the ease (or difficulty) of installing the system and learning to use it. cephX (cephX, Inc, Las Vegas, Nev) is an Internet-based digital data storage and retrieval service for cephalometric analyses, photographic storage, and online data sharing. Users pay for services as they are used, eliminating the need to buy new hardware or software.

Cephalometry↗