PubMed · 1974946
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1990-08-18. Real insight.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1974946/
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The clinical and the scientific value of the whole psychotherapy research enterprise depends upon the construct validity of its Mental Health Status (MHS) measurements. This is essentially a matter of conceptual validity, that is, what we agree that MHS reasonably means. Any theory of psychotherapy can be true only insofar as it involves independent variables that have demonstrated causal relevance to such conceptually valid measurements of MHS, which is also what makes the measurements of these independent variables predictively valid. Every published efficacy, effectiveness, and case study that tests or explores for explanations of MHS ought to involve the same conceptually valid MHS measures, but the necessary validity is still undemonstrated. It cannot be demonstrated unless the research community reaches a conceptual consensus on MHS, a consensus that decisive psychotherapy research must await.
BACKGROUND: Several quality assurance initiatives in health care have been undertaken during the past years. The next step consists of systematically combining single initiatives in order to built up a strategic quality management. METHODS: In a German multicenter study, the quality of inpatient depression treatment was measured in ten psychiatric hospitals. Half of the hospitals received comparative feedback on their individual results in comparison to the other hospitals (bench marking). Those bench markings were used by each hospital as a statistic basis for in-house quality work, to improve the quality of depression treatment. RESULTS: According to hospital differences concerning procedure and outcome, different goals were chosen. There were also differences with respect to structural characteristics, strategies, and outcome. The feedback from participants about data-based quality circles in general and the availability of bench-marking data was positive. The necessity of carefully choosing quality circle members and professional moderation became obvious. CONCLUSIONS: Data-based quality circles including bench-marking have proven to be useful for quality management in inpatient depression care.
Scotland has led enactment of the new World Health Organisation (Europe) Family Health Nurse (FHN) concept. This paper presents research which evaluated the initial operation and impact of the role in remote and rural regions of Scotland. Through use of a multiplex research design informed by ideas from realistic evaluation, fourth generation evaluation and case study research, an initial typology of practice was constructed. The new FHN role typically supplemented, rather than supplanted, pre-existing community nursing services. Implications arising from key findings are discussed in relation to Scottish, UK and European nursing and primary care perspectives.