PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 2176664

Identification of enterically transmitted hepatitis virus particles by solid phase immune electron microscopy.

C D Humphrey·E H Cook·D W Bradley
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Small 'featureless' viruses (less than 50 nm) are difficult to identify by routine immune electron microscopy techniques, particularly when they are mixed with debris from stool or cell culture extracts. A combination of conventional immune electron microscopy (IEM) and solid phase IEM (SPIEM) methodologies was used to identify hepatitis A virus (HAV) in stool and cell culture extracts and non-A non-B hepatitis (hepatitis E) in stool extracts. Compared with conventional IEM, the modified SPIEM method resulted in a significant increase in the number of particles observed. Several small aggregates, each containing 2-20 particles, were observed scattered randomly within most grid squares. Similar results were seen with stool extracts from hepatitis E (HEV) infections. The SPIEM method is a simple, highly sensitive specific assay that facilitates rapid identification of enteric hepatitis viruses. Several experiments were done to characterize the effects of altered physical environment within the assay and to evaluate potential modifications.

Explore related subjects

Antibodies, MonoclonalCells, CulturedHepatitis AHepatitis EHepatitis VirusesHepatovirusHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationImmunoglobulin GKineticsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronSensitivity and SpecificityVirionJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

C D Humphrey, E H Cook, D W Bradley. 1990. Identification of enterically transmitted hepatitis virus particles by solid phase immune electron microscopy.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(90)90111-r

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

ZrO₂@C-based colorimetric/photothermal dual-mode immunosensor coupled with a novel monoclonal antibody for quantification of Aspergillus ochraceus biomass.

Aspergillus ochraceus contaminates agricultural products and produces nephrotoxic, carcinogenic ochratoxin A (OTA), posing severe food safety hazards. A dual-signal lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (dLFIA) based on ZrO₂@C nanoprobes was established for quantitative detection of A. ochraceus biomass. A novel monoclonal antibody (mAb 4B4) was prepared as the capture antibody to immobilize A. ochraceus mycelial lysate antigen on the test line, and a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb G2801) as the detection antibody to modify ZrO₂@C composites (synthesized via UiO-66 pyrolysis) into 200 nm colorimetric/photothermal nanoprobes. This dLFIA achieved limits of detection of 0.164 μg/mL (colorimetric) and 0.517 μg/mL (photothermal). This efficient and reliable method allows quantitative analysis of A. ochraceus biomass, which is suitable for routine monitoring of fungal contamination in agro-food matrices.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2008

Rituximab for lymphoproliferative disease prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.

Lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) is a complication of congenital and acquired immunodeficiency states. There are a number of treatment options for LPD arising after haematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplantation including reduction of immunosuppression, targeted therapies, such as the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, and EBV specific cytotoxic lymphocytes. Treatment of LPD in children with congenital immunodeficiency syndromes remains unsatisfactory and is associated with a high mortality rate. We recently managed an infant found to have polymorphic LPD concurrent with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) had to be deferred because of progressive LPD. Treatment with rituximab resulted in regression of the LPD following which the patient received a 5/6 HLA matched umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplant. The patient remains well 20 months following transplantation. Rituximab treatment may have a useful role in the control of LPD associated with congenital immunodeficiency prior to HSCT.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2008

Response to rituximab in a child with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus.

Opsoclonus-myoclonus (OM) is a paraneoplastic syndrome of probable autoimmune origin. Despite current therapies aimed at decreasing autoantibody formation, OM is difficult to control and may impact long-term neurologic outcome. We present a case of a 19-month-old patient who initially presented with OM, neuroblastoma and a constitutional cytogenetic abnormality t(5;12)(q11.2;q15). The patient's OM was recalcitrant to conventional therapies, but showed significant improvement following treatment with rituximab.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗