PubMed · 2286255
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G V Indeĭkina. 1990. [Perforating eye wounds].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2286255/
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HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: Marked hyperinsulinism was demonstrated in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) in a 63-year-old woman with severe obesity (height 1.59 m, body weight 123 kg, body-mass index 46.4 kg/m2). The diabetic metabolic state, first diagnosed 12 years ago, had been replaced by a low plasma glucose level: she often had attacks of ravenous hunger. A reducing diet of 800 kcal had not been tolerated. She had not had any syncopes. She had continually gained weight since puberty, but her weight had remained relatively constant for the past 5 years during which she had been treated with L-thyroxine for a diffuse goitre (stage II). INVESTIGATIONS: In the course of an oGTT (75 g glucose) the basal insulin concentration (146 pmol/l) had risen to 1663 pmol/l at 30 min. The basal proinsulin level was 50 times normal (66 pmol/l vs. 1.418 pmol/l), while the initial plasma glucose level had fallen from 4.3 mmol/l to 3.8 mmol/l. Spiral computed tomography of the pancreas showed a 3 x 2.5 cm mass in the region of the tail of the pancreas. TREATMENT AND COURSE: At laparoscopy a 4 cm tumor was palpated in the region of the pancreatic tail. Left resection of the pancreas was performed. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed an insulinoma. A repeat of oGTT 6 months postoperatively demonstrated a markedly diminished insulin level compared with the preoperative results, as well as a diabetic metabolic state. CONCLUSION: In case of dramatic improvement of diabetes mellitus in an obese patient without drug treatment or weight reduction an insulin-producing tumour should be considered in the differential diagnosis. There may be no typical hypoglycaemic symptoms because of insulin resistance associated with the obesity.
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A FREQUENT AND SEVERE EVENT: The incidence and the pathogenic mechanisms of cardiac complications in general surgery patients are now well described. Acute myocardial necrosis, the most frequent complication, is observed in 3 to 5% of patients at risk. Most are silent subendocardial lesions, but may have a short-term or mid-term life-threatening effect in these surgery patients. EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD: In most patients, cardiac events occur within 48 hours of surgery. Diagnosis is confirmed by elevated troponin I. The immediate postoperative period is characterized by increased left ventricular load and metabolic disturbances, increased release of catecholinergic mediators and hypercoagulability, factors related to the effect of anesthesia on circulation and surgical stimuli. These modifications compromise the energy balance in the myocardium and favor the development of left ventricular failure. ECG RECORDINGS: Continuous recordings in the postoperative period have shown that although the number of episodes of myocardial ischemia is not affected during surgery, their number doubles during the postoperative period, a factor predicting postoperative infarction. OPTIMAL CARE: Cardiovascular and anti-aggregate therapy should be adapted in patients with an underlying heart or coronary condition. Postoperative circulatory load and hyperaggregability should be controlled. This involves preventing hypothermia, intensive analgesia and, in some cases, cardiovascular therapy using beta blockers or alpha 2 agonists.