[Chronic marginal parodontopathies].

Abstract

The study approaches the essential problems of chronic marginal parodontopathies in the present stage. For a more exact understanding of the intimate mechanisms which are involved in the occurrence and the development and evolution of the disease the authors start from an analysis of the health status of the marginal parodontium, to which a series of complex homeostatic processes take part, including: the progressive structuring of the marginal parodontium, neurovascular, immunological and biochemical defense mechanisms. The etiopathogeny of parodontal disease is the object of extensive investigations, and the significance of causative factors is evaluated in the light of typological understanding, of the mode of action of these factors. A dialectical unityis established between the general circumstances of the disease, and the loco-regional factors. There is a relationship between predisposition to the disease, and the pathogenetic influences which at the present time are much more diversified due to social and economic factors. An individual parodontal status develops in this way, resulting from ontogenetic accumulation, and transmissible predispositions. In the development of chronic marginal parodontitis two major circumstances are implicated, from the etiopathogenetic viewpoint: the microbial inflammation, and the totality of reactions including the immune response, and, on the other hand, occluding disorders. Changes are presented in the study, concerning biochemical constituents from the enzymatic hydrolysates of glycoproteins from the bacterial plaque. An important part of the study is concerned with results of immunological studies providing data on the presence of immune complexes in the epithelium and the chorion in various stages of parodontal disease. The gnoseological frame is defined, especially with regard to the participation of autoimmune mechanisms in the parodontal disease. In the study is also evaluated the relationship between occlusal dysfunction and the parodontal disease as a reciprocal interconditioning from which a clinical entity will result which is called "chronic marginal paradonthopathy of dystrophic type in occlusal dysfunction." From a correct understanding of the recisprocal relationship between inflammation and occlusion will result the prophylactiv attitude to parodontal disease. An important part of the study is dedicated to prophylaxis and therapy, and the most recent data from the literature and presented, as well as personal studies and researches showing the possibility for care of the individual, and the benefits of the collective health status.