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PubMed · 2742580

Age-dependent decrease of carnitine content in muscle of mice and humans.

M Costell·J E O'Connor·S Grisolía
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Abstract

Carnitine deficiency associated with impairment of muscle function has been described in infants and young adults as a result of inherited or acquired disease but there are no reports on carnitine levels in healthy aging people. In this paper we show a marked reduction of carnitine and its derivatives in muscle, and of long-chain acyl carnitine in heart of 6-month-old mice, when compared to animals of 6 weeks of age. Analysis of muscle samples of healthy humans of different ages showed a drastic reduction of carnitine and acetyl carnitine in the older subjects with a strong reverse correlation between age and carnitine levels.

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AcetylcarnitineAcylationAdultAgedAgingAnimalsBrainCarnitineCarnitine O-AcetyltransferaseHeartHumansLiverMaleMiceMiddle AgedMuscle DevelopmentMusclesJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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M Costell, J E O'Connor, S Grisolía. 1989-06-30. Age-dependent decrease of carnitine content in muscle of mice and humans.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(89)91360-0

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Acetyl-L-carnitine has a neuromodulatory influence on neuronal phenotypes during early embryogenesis in the chick embryo.

Studies from this laboratory and others have demonstrated that neuroblasts in early embryogenesis exhibit a high degree of plasticity with respect to neurotransmitter phenotype. The critical period within which these neuroblasts are sensitive to the effects of endogenous neurotrophins has been defined as 1-3 days of development in the chick embryo. In this study, we examined the influence of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) administered in ovo during embryonic days 1-3 (E1-E3) and sacrificed at embryonic day 8 (E8) on cholinergic and GABAergic neuronal phenotypes using as neuronal markers the activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), respectively. Phenotypic expression was assessed in 3 distinct anatomical regions of the embryonic brain: cerebral hemispheres (CH), optic lobes (OL), and diencephalon-midbrain-brainstem (DMBS). A single administration of ALCAR at embryonic day 1 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in ChAT activity and decrease in GAD activity in CH. ChAT activity was again increased and GAD activity decreased in CH from embryos that were administered ALCAR (100 micrograms/50 microliters/day) daily from embryonic day E1 to E3. No change was observed in either ChAT or GAD activity in OL in response to ALCAR administration during the critical period (E1-E3) at doses ranging from 10 to 500 micrograms/day. In the DMBS, the activity of ChAT exhibited a marked increase at lower doses (10 micrograms) followed by a marked decrease at higher doses (500 micrograms) of ALCAR. The decrease in ChAT activity in DMBS was again observed at an ALCAR dose of 100 micrograms/day when administered from E1 to E3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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