PubMed · 284667
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R E Piccirillo. 1979. Byssinosis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/284667/
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The objective of this study was to determine the specific botanical ingredients present in respirable raw cotton dust. Significant differences in content of gross leaflike (bractcontaining) trash were found between several grade divisions of raw cottons. For example, higher grades of raw cotton (strict low middling = SLM) contained less leaflike trash than lower grade cottons (low middling = LM). The potential for production of fine particulate from botanical trash materials plus lint and linters was determined in the laboratory by an abrasive milling test. Bract and wood fragments were the most friable of all plant materials found in raw cottons whereas seed meat, lint, linters and seed coat were the least friable. Respirable (10 less than 10 micrometers) raw cotton dusts associated with the processing of middling, SLM and LM raw cottons were predicted to contain the following % weight composition of specific vegetable ingredients: leaflike = 70--72%, stem = 13--18%, bark = 3--8%, exocarp-mesocarp = 3.6%, endocarp = 1--2% and seed = 0.5--2%. Bract is the most abundant component in respirable raw cotton dust.
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A pilot study of cotton gin workers was undertaken in the ginning industry so as to determine if a definitive study could be undertaken and to make some first order estimates of byssinosis and chronic respiratory disease and to compare the findings to those reported in the African and European gins. Baseline medical data were collected on 203 gin workers and 260 controls, consisting of a medical symptom questionnaire, a chest x-ray and the forced expiratory spirogram pulmonary test. Results revealed a prevalence of functional reactors equal to that found in the textile industry and other gin studies (44%) as determined by spirometric testing, without any association to smoking history. The major reaction group within the ginning population was those working in the baling press area. These same workers demonstrated evidence of chronic depressions in their spirometry data. No excess of chronic respiratory disease as determined by the questionnaire was detected within the gin worker population.