PubMed · 2861425
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
1985-06-29. Subgroups in schizophrenia.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2861425/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), also referred to as immotile-cilia syndrome or Kartagener syndrome, is a group of genetic disorders caused by defective cilia leading to chronic sinupulmonary infection, situs inversus and reduced fertility. Some PCD patients also have cerebral ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus. We report here two fetuses and one newborn with mild cerebral ventriculomegaly and a suspected and/or confirmed diagnosis of PCD. These cases demonstrate that mild fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly can be a prenatal sonographic marker of PCD, certainly in fetuses with situs inversus or a history of a previous sib with PCD.
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt catheters in pediatric patients has been increasingly used in an attempt to minimize the unacceptably high rates of revision. Although this procedure carries an increased expense, there is currently no evidence to support an improved long-term outcome. This paper compares the rates of revision following ventricular catheter placement for shunted hydrocephalus with and without the use of endoscopy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all pediatric patients who had undergone shunt placement for hydrocephalus between April 1992 and February 1998. All shunts placed before March 1995 were performed without the endoscope; all subsequent shunts were placed endoscopically. The independent effect of endoscopic versus nonendoscopic shunt placement on subsequent shunt failure was analyzed via multivariate proportional hazards regression model. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent effect of endoscopic placement on subsequent etiology of failure (infection, proximal obstruction, distal malfunction) in the 511 failing shunts. RESULTS: There were 447 pediatric patients who underwent a total of 965 shunt placements or revisions. Six hundred and five (63%) catheters were placed with the use of the endoscope. Three hundred and sixty (37.3%) were placed without the use of the endoscope. Neuroendoscopy did not independently affect the risk of subsequent shunt failure [Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) = 1.08 (0.84-1.41)]. Endoscopic placement independently decreased the odds [Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) = 0.56 (0.32-0.93)] of proximal obstruction, increased the odds of distal malfunction [1.52 (1.02-2.72)], and was not associated with infection [1.42 (0.78-2.61)]. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic assisted ventricular catheter placement decreased the odds of proximal obstruction but failed to improve overall shunt survival in this 6 year experience.
Virtual endoscopy enables preoperative surgical planning based on "surgeons' view" information in the individual patient. In neurosurgery, magnetic resonance (MR) images are mainly used for planning of virtual neuroendoscopy (VNE). We studied the feasibility of three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography as the imaging modality for VNE in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus. 3-D ultrasonography data sets were obtained through the open anterior fontanelle and analyzed using perspective volume rendering, with delineation of the ventricular system for anatomical details in relation to standard ultrasonography and intraoperative anatomy, during endoscopy in two infants with hydrocephalus. VNE clarified anatomical variants seen on standard ultrasonography images, anticipated ventricular dysmorphia seen during neuroendosopy and enabled a realistic impression of an endoscopic inspection into the ventricular system of the two infants studied. Based on 3-D ultrasonography, VE enables detailed information on ventricular anatomy in pediatric patients for planning of endoscopic interventions.