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PubMed · 2892486

Decrease of the salt appetite of spontaneously hypertensive rats by chronic application of almitrine.

R Behm·S Bathelt·B Gerber·K Nollau·C Pfeiffer
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Abstract

The effect of almitrine on salt appetite, water intake, and renal excretory function was investigated in conscious adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of both sexes. The animals were kept singly in metabolic cages and given free access to food, water and 2.5% NaCl-solution. Oral administration of almitrine (0.4 mg/kg) for five days evoked an effective long-lasting suppression of voluntary salt intake and a temporary decrease of water intake. The pattern of renal electrolyte excretion was determined by the pattern of intake. The present results support the assumption that the activity of the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors plays an essential role in the maintenance of voluntary salt intake in SHR.

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AlmitrineAnimalsAppetiteCentral Nervous System StimulantsDrinking BehaviorHypoxiaPiperazinesRatsRats, Inbred SHRRats, Inbred StrainsSodium, DietaryJournal Article

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R Behm, S Bathelt, B Gerber, K Nollau, C Pfeiffer. 1987. Decrease of the salt appetite of spontaneously hypertensive rats by chronic application of almitrine.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2892486/

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PubMed2002

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UNLABELLED: One-lung ventilation (OLV) induces an increase in pulmonary shunt sometimes associated with a decrease in PaO2 despite ventilation with 100% oxygen. PaO2 improvement has been reported in one-lung ventilated animals receiving IV almitrine, a pulmonary vasoconstrictor. We evaluated the ability of almitrine to prevent a decrease in PaO2 during OLV. Patients without pulmonary hypertension undergoing OLV for lung surgery were randomly assigned to receive either placebo (Group P, n = 8) or almitrine infusion at a rate of 8 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) (Group A, n = 8) from the start of OLV. Gasometric and hemodynamic values were recorded with the patient in the lateral decubitus position during two-lung ventilation and at 10-min intervals during OLV over a 30-min period (OLV-10, OLV-20, OLV-30). Compared with the values found during two-lung ventilation (434 +/- 22 mm Hg in Group P and 426 +/- 23 mm Hg in Group A), PaO2 decreased at OLV-10 (305 +/- 46 mm Hg), OLV-20 (203 +/- 20 mm Hg), and OLV-30 (178 +/- 18 mm Hg) in Group P (P < 0.05) and at OLV-20 (354 +/- 25 mm Hg) and OLV-30 (325 +/- 17 mm Hg) in Group A (P < 0.05). PaO2 values differed between the groups at OLV-20 and OLV-30 (P < 0.05). Pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output did not change. In conclusion, 8 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) IV almitrine prevents and limits the OLV-induced decrease in PaO2 without causing any hemodynamic modification. IMPLICATIONS: Eight microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) IV almitrine limits one-lung ventilation-induced decrease in PaO2 without causing any hemodynamic modification in patients without pulmonary hypertension.

Almitrine↗
PubMed2002

An investigation into the mechanism of action of almitrine on isolated rat diaphragm muscle fatigue.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that almitrine bismesylate, a respiratory stimulant which acts on the mitochondrial electron transport chain, enhances recovery of rat diaphragm muscle from fatigue. OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to investigate if the enhanced recovery is due to an anti-oxidant property of almitrine, since the electron transport chain is a major site of intracellular free radical production. METHODS: A low-frequency fatigue protocol was used (30 Hz; 250 ms; delivered once every 2 s for 5 min), and the effects of almitrine before and after fatigue onset were compared to those of the anti-oxidant compound N-acetylcysteine (NAC). RESULTS: Almitrine (6 and 10 microg/ml) given before fatigue gave better recovery rates than postfatigue application. In contrast, NAC (100 microM) application before fatigue onset was not as effective as NAC given immediately after the cessation of the fatigue protocol. However, almitrine (6 microg/ml) completely reversed the reduction in baseline twitch tension brought about by a free-radical-producing mixture of FeCl(3) + ADP (1 mM + 2.5 mM, respectively). CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirm that almitrine enhances recovery from fatigue and, in contrast to NAC prefatigue application, is more effective. Also, almitrine was shown to have an anti-oxidant effect, but it does not act like a typical anti-oxidant.

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