PubMed · 33109
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E Mileva, P Atmadzhov, A Srentz. 1978. Microelectrophoretic study of Candida utilis.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33109/
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Candida yeasts represent a versatile yet underexploited platform for industrial biotechnology. These yeasts utilize a remarkably broad range of carbon sources, particularly for hydrophobic carbon sources, coupled with robust growth and diverse biosynthetic capacities, making them promising hosts for sustainable production of chemicals, fuels, and proteins. Despite these advantages, industrial deployment of Candida species has been hindered by concerns regarding opportunistic pathogenicity and the historical lack of efficient genetic manipulation tools, leading to a substantial gap between metabolic potential and practical utilization. Recent advances in functional genomics, genome editing, and systems metabolic engineering are rapidly overcoming these barriers, enabling more precise and efficient strain development. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in the metabolic engineering of Candida species as microbial cell factories, with particular emphasis on expanding genetic toolkits, utilizting renewable and non-conventional carbon sources, and biosynthesizing high-value compounds. In addition, we propose a biosafety-oriented classification framework to support their safe industrial deployment. Finally, we discuss current challenges and emerging opportunities, emphasizing that the synergy of synthetic biology and artificial intelligence-driven design holds the key to unlocking the biotechnological potential of Candida yeasts.
Two L-methionine-enriched mutants, SN-78 and SE-57, were isolated in a sulphur-deficient medium from the methylotrophic yeast Candida boidinii ICCF26. No significant differences were detected between the L-cysteine pools of the mutants and the wild-type. In mutant strain SE-57, S-adenosylmethionine and ergosterol levels were higher than in the wild-type strain, while in the other mutant, SN-78, the levels were lower. The evidence presented would suggest that, in both the mutants and the wild-type used in this study, S-adenosylmethionine was of key importance for the accumulation of L-methionine and ergosterol.
Weak luminescence was detected from oxygenated liquid cultures of the yeast Candida utilis during two stages of its growth cycle. The first period of emission occurred during the exponential phase of growth and comprised an ultraviolet band (270-390 nm; ca 19 photons s-1 cm-2 of culture surface) and a visible band (450-620 nm; ca 68 photons s-1 cm-2). The second period of emission occurred late in the stationary phase of growth and was comprised almost entirely of a visible region band (450-620 nm; 6.8 x 10(2) photons s-1 cm-2). No luminescence was observed when the yeast was grown anaerobically. These observations are compared with those previously obtained for two other yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The ratios of the intensities of the blue/red emissions in the stationary phase luminescences correlated with the ratio of the saturated/unsaturated lipid content for the three yeasts. This result provided further support for the claim that the stationary phase luminescence arises from the reactions associated with lipid peroxidation. A number of previously suggested sources of the exponential phase luminescence are discussed and rejected. Oxidative side reactions accompanying protein synthesis remain a possible source of that emission.