PubMed · 3470621
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G Geerlings, D J Purdell-Lewis, A C van de Poel. 1987. [The dentin].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3470621/
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This study quantified the concentrations of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in the periapical exudates obtained from 69 single-rooted teeth using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and examined their correlation with clinical findings of the involved teeth. Changes in the levels of these factors during root canal treatment were also investigated. The average levels of IL-1 beta (6.57 ng/ml) in periapical exudates were twice that of IL-1 alpha (3.25 ng/ml). The exudates containing pus showed significantly higher IL-1 alpha levels than those from the canals without pus (p < 0.01). The exudates from the canals with small radiolucent areas contained significantly higher IL-1 alpha levels than those from the canals with large radiolucent areas (p < 0.05). The tendency for there to be an increase in the levels of IL-1 alpha and a decrease in the levels of IL-1 beta was observed following root canal treatment. These observations suggest that IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are involved in the immunopathogenesis of periapical lesions and that IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta may play different roles in the healing process of periapical lesions during root canal treatment.
There is little information in the dental literature regarding endodontic practice profiles and the reasons for referral to endodontic specialists. This study was undertaken to analyze various details of 2000 patients referred to an endodontist in Perth, Western Australia. The 2000 patients were comprised of 1295 (64.8%) females and 705 (35.2%) males. They were referred by 405 different dentists, clinics, or hospitals. The main reasons for referral were: management of pain (24.1% of patients), calcified/blocked canals (17.7%), endodontic retreatment (15.0%), trauma (12.9%), surgery (6.5%), and perforations (6.0%). Other reasons for referral included root resorption, fractured instruments, combined endodontic-periodontal lesions, second opinions, nervous patients, and medical complications. There were 312 people that did not require endodontic treatment, resulting in 1688 patients having treatment on 2221 teeth. Review appointments were attended by 50.2% of those patients due for recall examinations. The wide range of treatment procedures required and the high number of cases referred for diagnostic reasons indicate that endodontists must be highly skilled in all aspects of diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment procedures.