PubMed · 373584
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K S Cole. 1979. Mostly membranes (Kenneth S. Cole).. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.41.030179.000245
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Midwater squid respond to overhead illumination by turning on numerous downward-directed photophores; they turn off the photophores when overhead illumination is eliminated. The squid are invisible when the intensity of the photophores matches the intensity of the overhead illumination. These results strongly support the theory of ventral bioluminescent countershading.
Resonance Raman spectra of an invertebrate rhodopsin are reported. The spectrum of squid acid metarhodopsin is compared with the spectra of model compounds of the retinylidene chromophore in the all-trans conformation. Correlations made between acid metarhodopsin and these crystalline model compounds with known x-ray structures indicate that the chromophore in this intermediate is an all-trans protonated Schiff base. The data suggest a mechanism for the red shift in rhodopsin.
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