PubMed · 4073385
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C Nepomuceno, J S Richards, P R Fine, J Haber. 1985. Predicting response to a pain control program.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4073385/
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Social support is a group dynamic, but studies have not identified specific strategies for managers to use as direct environmental resources. The authors discuss a study that explored group social support as a component of job morale for bedside care givers. Specific unit-based factors are identified for managers to develop focused staff social support activities. These include means of universal recognition, use of common space, methods to develop team culture and styles, and methods of communication.
Despite the lack of evidence for improvement in symptom relief, quality of life, or length of survival, patients who are terminally ill often are subjected to unnecessary invasive procedures and denied the symptom relief that modern technology and pharmacology make possible. Nursing administrators are in an ideal position to initiate interdisciplinary policy changes in this area and are encouraged to become familiar with the principles of palliative care. A recently developed policy is described and a review of supportive literature is given.
Scores on the Injury Impairment Scale (IIS) were compared with reported disability for work or school, household activities, and activities of daily living during the first 18 months after injury for 2,194 persons treated in an emergency department or hospitalized for their injuries. Persons whose most severe injury was more life-threatening or who had larger numbers of injuries more often had higher IIS scores for their most life-threatening injury than did persons with fewer or less life-threatening injuries. Hospitalized patients had higher IIS injuries more often than did emergency department patients. As IIS increased, duration of disability also increased. However, many high IIS patients either reported no disability or disability of only short duration, suggesting only limited association between disability and IIS as it is currently designed.