PubMed · 411611
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A H Schuurs, B K Van Weemen. 1977-11-15. Enzyme-immunoassay.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(77)90410-7
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6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) is involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for enzymes such as the hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase. BH4 deficiency causes malignant hyperphenylalaninemia. We cloned the human liver cDNA encoding PTPS. The coding region for PTPS contains 145 amino acids and predicts a polypeptide of 16'387 Da. The human amino acid sequence showed a 82% identity with the rat liver sequence. Expression of the cDNA in E. coli yielded the active enzyme and showed immunoreactivity with antibodies against the rat liver PTPS. This is the basis for the molecular understanding of BH4 deficiency in patients suffering from a defect in PTPS activity.
Evidence supporting the existence of two distinct carbonyl (metyrapone) reducing enzymes which differ in subcellular localization and immunological homology has been provided. A soluble enzyme, designated as carbonyl reductase (EC 1.1.1.184) is located in the cytosol. The distribution of the second, membrane associated, MPON-reductase shows an excellent linear correlation to NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and, on the other hand, is reciprocal to the RNA/protein ratio of submicrosomal preparations. This indicates that the membrane associated MPON-reductase is exclusively located in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Using antibodies against the purified membrane associated enzyme the extent of immunological crossreaction corresponds well to the specific activities of MPON-reductase in the granular fractions, thus further confirming the localization of this enzyme within this organelle. The absence of antigenic crossreaction to cytosolic MPON-reductase indicates differences also in terms of the immunological relationship between the two enzymes.
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