PubMed · 4176887
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M Abramow, J Corvilain. 1968-11-16. Adrenocortical function in mental illness.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91554-7
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Whole-cell membrane capacitance measurements are frequently used to monitor neuronal and nonneuronal secretory activity. However, unless individual fusion events can be resolved, the type of the fusing vesicles cannot be identified in these experiments. Here we apply statistical analysis of trial-to-trial variations between depolarization-induced capacitance increases of mouse adrenal chromaffin cells and obtain estimates for the capacitance contribution of individual exocytic vesicles between 0.6 and 2 fF. For comparison, measurements of membrane capacitance were combined with amperometric recordings of catecholamine release during intracellular perfusion of chromaffin cells with high [Ca2+]. Crosscorrelation of both signals yielded a mean capacitance contribution of individual catecholaminergic vesicles of 1.3 fF. We suggest that depolarization-induced capacitance increases in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells mainly represent fusion of chromaffin granules.
Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is the major determinant of the cholesteryl ester (CE) content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. The selective uptake of HDL-CE is postulated to participate in delivery of tissue-derived cholesterol both to the liver and steroidogenic tissues. Recent studies comparing mice with similarly low levels of HDL, due to the absence of either of the two major HDL-associated apolipoproteins apoA-I and apoA-II, suggest that apoA-I is crucial in modulating this process, possibly through interaction with scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI). Because of the central role of LCAT in determining the size, lipid composition, and plasma concentration of HDL, we have created LCAT-deficient mice by gene targeting to examine the effect of LCAT deficiency on HDL structure and composition and adrenal cholesterol delivery. The HDL in the LCAT-deficient mice was reduced in its plasma concentration (92%) and CE content (96%). The HDL particles were heterogeneous in size and morphology and included numerous discoidal particles, mimicking those observed in LCAT-deficient humans. The adrenals of the male Lcat (-/-) mice were severely depleted of lipid stores, which was associated with a 2-fold up-regulation of the adrenal SR-BI mRNA. These studies demonstrate that LCAT deficiency, similar to apoA-I deficiency, is associated with a marked decrease in adrenal cholesterol delivery and supports the hypothesis that adrenal SR-BI expression is regulated by the adrenal cholesterol.