PubMed · 4180785
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T Matsuo, M Shibata, Y Takadera, K Nakamura. 1968. [Experimental studies on kernicterus].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4180785/
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Epinephrine is known to be rapidly oxidized during sepsis. Ischemia and acidosis, which often accompany sepsis, are associated with the release of weakly bound cupric ions from plasma proteins. We investigated whether copper promotes oxidation of epinephrine at both physiological and acidic pH and whether D-Asp-D-Ala-D-His-D-Lys (D-DAHK), a human albumin (HSA) N-terminus synthetic peptide with a high affinity for cupric ions, attenuates this oxidation. Epinephrine alone [100 microM] or with CuCl(2) [10 microM], and with CuCl(2) [10 microM] and D-DAHK [20 microM] at pH 7.4, 7.0, 6.5, and 6.0 were incubated for 1h at 37 degrees C. Epinephrine oxidation was measured by the spectrophotometric quantification of its oxidation product, adrenochrome. We found that adrenochrome increased, suggesting copper-induced oxidation of epinephrine. At pH 7.4, 7.0, 6.5, and 6.0, adrenochrome increased by 47%, 53%, 24%, and 6% above baseline, respectively. D-DAHK attenuated the copper-induced oxidation of epinephrine to baseline levels. These in vitro results indicate that copper-induced epinephrine oxidation is greatest at the physiological pH 7.4 as well as in severe acidosis, pH 7.0, and that D-DAHK completely inhibits this oxidation.
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A flow injection spectrophotometric procedure is proposed for determining adrenaline in pharmaceutical formulations. In this work, the adrenaline in acetate buffer reacts with a solid-phase reactor containing lead(IV) dioxide immobilized in a polyester resin and the adrenochrome yielded was continuously monitored at 486 nm. The analytical curve was linear in the adrenaline concentration range from 0.1 to 0.8 mmol l(-1) with a detection limit of 8 x 10(-3) mmol l(-1). Recoveries of 96.5-105% and relative standard deviation of 0.2% for a solution containing 0.4 mmol l(-1) adrenaline (n = 10) were obtained. The analytical frequency was 130 determinations per hour and the results obtained for adrenaline in pharmaceutical formulations using this procedure and those obtained using a pharmacopoeia procedure are in agreement at the 95% confidence level.