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Burkholderia arboris bacteremia initially identified as Burkholderia cepacia complex: a genome-based case report.

Kazuhiro Itoh·Amane Tanaka·Daiki Maruno·Hiroshi Tsutani·Nozomi Otsuki·Atsushi Kuwata·Chiyo Kiriba·Yoshimasa Urasaki·Masamichi Ikawa·Hiromichi Iwasaki·Yasuhiko Mitsuke
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Abstract

We report a bloodstream Burkholderia arboris isolate from a 75-year-old man without cystic fibrosis. The organism was recovered from both aerobic bottles of two separately collected blood-culture sets and was initially assigned to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Whole-genome sequencing yielded three circular chromosomes and one circular plasmid. DFAST_QC identified B. arboris as the only type-strain match above the species threshold, with an average nucleotide identity of 99.48%; the next-highest match was B. seminalis at 93.33%. Multilocus sequence typing identified ST-2575, and ResFinder detected no acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. The patient improved after 14 days of meropenem therapy without recurrent B. arboris bacteremia. This report adds a clinically supported bloodstream infection, a complete genome resource, and detailed susceptibility data, while illustrating the importance of up-to-date reference genomes for species-level interpretation of unusual Bcc isolates.

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HumansBurkholderia InfectionsBacteremiaGenome, BacterialBurkholderia cepacia complexAgedMaleAnti-Bacterial AgentsMultilocus Sequence TypingWhole Genome SequencingSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationMeropenemMicrobial Sensitivity TestsThienamycinsBurkholderiaAntimicrobial susceptibility testingAverage nucleotide identityMALDI-TOF MSWhole-genome sequencingJournal ArticleCase Reports

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Kazuhiro Itoh, Amane Tanaka, Daiki Maruno, Hiroshi Tsutani, Nozomi Otsuki, Atsushi Kuwata, Chiyo Kiriba, Yoshimasa Urasaki, Masamichi Ikawa, Hiromichi Iwasaki, Yasuhiko Mitsuke. 2026-08-13. Burkholderia arboris bacteremia initially identified as Burkholderia cepacia complex: a genome-based case report.. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-026-05141-9

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