PubMed · 4406883
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A A Chambers. 1974-07-22. Traumatic aortic rupture.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4406883/
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MDMA (3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine) is the most commonly used substance within the 'ecstasy' group of drugs. MDMA interferes with serotonin and catecholamine transporters in the central nervous system to increase monoamine synaptic levels and thereby mediate the majority of its central nervous effects. These range from wanted effects like euphoria, central nervous stimulation, and feeling of closeness to mild hallucinations, impairment of cognition and co-ordination and further to serious reactions like agitation, disturbed and bizarre behaviour, and possibly psychosis. The full picture of the consequences of these transitory changes is not known. It has been assumed that the risk of being involved in fatalities and accidents during the state of MDMA influence is increased, but this possible risk increase has so far not been determined. Observations of the prevalence of MDMA involvement in cases of reckless driving and the MDMA blood concentrations measured indicate a risk increase comparable to that observed after use of amphetamines.
Traffic accidents with bicycles are very frequent, since bicycling has become increasingly popular as a means of transportation and a sports instrument. Therefore, there are many bicycling victims in casualty hospitals. The head being exposed and unprotected, head and brain injuries are the most frequent ones. Just as in professional and sports activities, protection of the head and neck also when bicycling has been urgently recommended and ist effect repeatedly confirmed by recent statistical results. Wearing helmets by motorcyclists has clearly reduced the severity and frequency of head injuries since it became compulsory. A legislative initiative for wearing bicycle helmets as well ist therefore necessary.
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