PubMed · 452743
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F Kirschenheuter. 1979. [Developments and opinions on shift work].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/452743/
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1. In Germany health protection against injuries at work is distinctly separated from the general health care of the population. 2. Health protection at work includes: recognition, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation connected with occupational diseases as well as prevention of accidents at work. The total cost of this system including accident indemnities is covered by the employer. 3. The system of health care and safety at work within the enterprise comprises a coordinated activity of the physician inspector and a representative of the enterprise and the owner. 4. In big enterprises there is another system operating parallel to the one mentioned above: this system provide comprehensive health care. The costs are covered by contributions both on the paid of the employers and the employees.
The health care systems in the Netherlands and the Federal Republic of Germany are based on a set of values that involve mutual obligations between private parties. These obligations are realized through systems incorporating private practice physicians, community and church- and municipality-affiliated hospitals, and nonprofit and for-profit insurers. The underlying values and implementation approaches in these systems provide an alternative to the adoption of a Canadian-style health insurance system. A discussion that focuses on "obligations" rather than "rights" may be a more useful approach for the design of reforms of the American health system in the 1990s. Such a discussion would focus on the mutual responsibility of all parties to create and maintain a universal private health care system.