PubMed · 4622247
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1972. [A computer analyzes poisons].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4622247/
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PURPOSE: To test the accuracy of a combined radiologist-computer system in the diagnosis with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of cancer of the prostate gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The combined system was developed and tested by four specialists in prostate MR imaging and five radiologists expert in body MR imaging. Each group read MR images obtained in 100 proved cases of prostate cancer. The images were obtained from two sources, and all were obtained with an endorectal surface coil. Prostate MR specialists ranked imaging features of cases to develop a checklist for image interpretation. Features with greatest diagnostic value were incorporated in the combined system. Accuracy measures were derived from the area index of the receiver operating characteristic curve for the combined system and compared with those of radiologists working alone. RESULTS: Body MR radiologists had a mean baseline accuracy of 0.67; mean accuracy of their combined system was 0.80. The prostate MR specialists, when they rated the features in each case, had a mean accuracy of 0.81; the accuracy of their combined system was 0.87. CONCLUSIONS: A combined radiologist-computer system substantially improved accuracy of body MR radiologists in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. High levels of accuracy were also achieved by the system with prostate MR specialists.
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Expert systems are knowledge data bases founded on patient data, literature searches and opinions of experts. With these systems it is for instance possible to test or to take clinical decisions. ILIAD, USA version 4.2, an adaptable software using probabilistic strategies, was investigated. This system is, among other uses, employed for quality assurance and documentation, as a teaching instrument as well as a knowledge base. It comprises the ICD-9 index of diagnoses and a selected and commented up-to-date review of the literature from 'Mosby's Year Book of Medicine'. The features of ILIAD are presented, and the possibilities and limitations of its use as well as that of expert systems in general are discussed.