PubMed · 4641344
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J Neufeld. 1972. Dose equivalent index.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4641344/
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When the German physicist W. C. Röntgen discovered X-rays, which were named after him, he introduced a new development in medicine and biology: together with the discoveries of A. H. Becquerel and M. Curie, radiology with its diagnostic and therapeutic methods was made possible. The medical physicist has an important task to fulfill in modern radiotherapy, nuclear medicine and radiodiagnostics. The longtime interdisciplinary collaboration has won the international recognition of medical physics as a scientific discipline, a health care profession and a university subject. Several incidents, including contemporary ones, show that the efforts made towards radiation protection must remain an important domain of the specialist.
Immediately following the discovery of x rays they were applied to medical diagnosis and therapy. These early medical applications were soon shown to be accompanied by rather severe biologic responses and injuries. This resulted in the development of standards. Radiation standards were developed to properly control the application of x rays in medicine by controlling equipment and how it was used. Control of personnel occurred later with first certification and then licensure.