PubMed · 4871349
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E F Potworowski, R C Nairn. 1968. Lymphoid-specific antigen: distribution and behaviour.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4871349/
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The surface properties of various Escherichia coli isolates associated with diarrhoeal illness were compared by aqueous partitioning between polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Dextran phases. Two well characterised strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) were found to be very hydrophobic, based on the critical polymer concentration. EPEC strain E2348 cured of the EPEC adherence factor (EAF) plasmid had much reduced surface hydrophobicity. Partitioning of a series of diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains demonstrated that the majority of EAF+ EPEC strains were significantly more hydrophobic than EAF- EPEC strains. E. coli strains defined as enteroaggregative on the basis of hybridisation with a specific DNA probe showed much greater heterogeneity in their partitioning behaviour, possibly indicating that the AAF/I pili were not expressed in all strains. The E. coli K-12 strain used as a transformation host for adhesion studies had very low surface hydrophobicity but had a detectable negative charge. No alteration in these properties was observed when transformed with EPEC and recombinant plasmids known to specify adherence to tissue culture cells.
Various commercially produced agglutination kits are widely used for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus. These kits detect the presence of protein A and/or clumping factor on S. aureus. The literature has shown that methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates which are deficient in both clumping factor and protein A may be misidentified. Two products, Slidex and Staphaurex Plus, utilize specific anti-S. aureus antibodies, potentially giving them greater sensitivity compared to products without these antibodies. We report a prospective study designed to compare the performance characteristics of Fastaph, Slidex, Staphaurex, Staphaurex Plus, Staphyloslide, and the tube coagulase test for the identification of staphylococcal isolates. All discrepant isolates were tested with the Gen-Probe AccuProbe S. aureus test and were identified to the species level with conventional reference biochemicals. A total of 1,193 isolates were tested, including 33 MRSA and 423 methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolates. The sensitivities and specificities of the tests, respectively, were as follows: Fastaph, 99.1 and 98.9%; Slidex, 99.6 and 96.4%; Staphaurex, 98.9 and 99.9%; Staphaurex Plus, 99.6 and 93.9%; Staphyloslide, 99.1 and 98.9%; and tube coagulase, 99.3 and 100%. Sensitivity was excellent for all of the products tested. The specificities of Fastaph, Staphaurex, and Staphyloslide were excellent, while Staphaurex Plus and Slidex demonstrated less optimal results.
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