PubMed · 4945162
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J F Lipo, J A Preston. 1971. Lipoprotein phenotyping.. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367109151314
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Rescue percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has been used to establish reperfusion after failed thrombolysis, and the goal of this study was to examine the angiographic and clinical outcomes after rescue PTCA performed for an occluded artery 90 minutes after thrombolysis. Four hundred two patients with acute myocardial infarction were randomized to receive either anistreplase (APSAC), recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, or their combination in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 4 trial. The angiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with a patent artery 90 minutes after thrombolysis were compared with those of patients with an occluded artery treated in a nonrandomized fashion with either rescue or no rescue PTCA. At 90 minutes, the number of frames required to opacify standard landmarks (corrected TIMI frame count) was significantly lower (i.e., flow was faster) after successful rescue PTCA (27 +/- 11) than that in patent arteries after successful thrombolysis (39 +/- 20, p < 0.001), and the incidence of TIMI grade 3 flow was correspondingly higher after successful rescue PTCA (87% vs 65%, p = 0.002). In-hospital adverse outcomes (death, recurrent acute myocardial infarction, severe congestive heart failure, cardiogenic shock or an ejection fraction <40%) occurred in 29% of successful rescue PTCAs and in 83% of failed rescue PTCAs (p = 0.01). Among all patients in whom rescue PTCA was performed (successes and failures combined), 35% of patients experienced an adverse outcome, which was the same as the 35% incidence observed in patients not undergoing rescue PTCA (p = NS) and tended to be higher than the 23% incidence observed in patients with patent arteries (p = 0.07). Although successful rescue PTCA for an occluded artery at 90 minutes results in restoration of flow that is superior to that of successful thrombolysis, the incidence of adverse events for the strategy of rescue PTCA as a whole was the same as that of undertaking no PTCA.
The optimal equilibrium harvesting policy is investigated for an age-dependent population of females whose life history consists of two stages termed eggs (or juveniles) and adults. Using a continuous-time linear model, we consider admissible harvesting policies in which a certain fraction of individuals of fixed ages is harvested per unit time in both stages to bring the population to an equilibrium level. Determination of the harvest rate that maximizes the sustainable yield, subject to a linear ecological or economic constraint, leads to a nonlinear, nonconvex optimization problem. The optimal policy is shown to consist of harvesting at most three ages. Thus, we say that the harvest is trimodal. In one stage, at most two ages are harvested, with the oldest being harvested completely; in the other, at most one age is harvested completely. In each stage, the age totally removed, if present, is older than the surplus age, which is the age at which the proportion of the expected number of eggs multiplied by the proportion of the expected number of adults first exceeds one. The three harvesting ages are dependent on the birth, maturation, and death rates and on the economic parameters of the problem. A simple algorithm to find the optimum harvesting strategy is described.
Plasma protein concentrations are an important determinant of maternal-fetal drug transfer in the perinatal period. Plasma concentrations of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAGP) and albumin were measured in pregnant rhesus monkeys using radial immunodiffusion assays at weekly intervals during the third trimester (n = 12), at 3-day intervals in the 2 weeks prior to full term (n = 10), and at 0, 1, 12, and 60 h after birth (n = 4). AAGP concentrations increased significantly, and albumin concentrations decreased significantly, from weeks 13 to 21 gestation as well as from day 150 gestation to birth. No changes were seen in the postpartum period. AAGP and albumin concentrations were highly negatively correlated from day 150 gestation to birth. The data suggest that AAGP and albumin concentrations are jointly but inversely regulated by physiological or hormonal conditions that precede delivery.