PubMed · 5012357
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H M Mendler. 1972. The hydraulic isometric force testing unit K-100.. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj%2F52.4.393
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An advantage of CAOS over traditional surgery is improved precision of implant position and trajectories in 3D space. However, the implementation of these trajectories often adds an extra step to the operation that increases operative time and requires extra training. This paper reports a study of variation in time-to-task and learning curve in performing a standard task of targeting in 3D space using Hull's CAOSS. It shows that time-to-task can be reduced by replacing a 3D targeting task with multiple independent 2D targeting tasks whilst potentially reducing targeting error. Based on this better understanding of targeting a novel jig was developed for performing dynamic hip Screw (DHS) insertion using CAOSS that would provide improved targeting performance by the surgeon.
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Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is an established technique for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) in the axial spine and peripheral skeleton (forearm, tibia). QCT can determine in three dimensions the true volumetric density (mg/cm 3) of trabecular or cortical bone at any skeletal site. However, because of the high responsiveness of spinal trabecular bone and its importance for vertebral strength, QCT has been principally employed to determine trabecular BMD in the vertebral body. QCT has been used for assessment of vertebral fracture risk, measurement of age-related bone loss, and follow-up of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. This article reviews the current capabilities of QCT at different skeletal sites and the recent technical developments, including volumetric acquisition.