PubMed · 5208448
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T R Waugh. 1971. Total hip replacement.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)64198-2
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The lumbar lordosis and pelvic tilt of twenty male subjects were measured in standing and in three different sitting postures with the trunk-thigh angles of 120 (sitting A), 90 (sitting B), and 60 (sitting C) degs and the knee angle was constant at 90 deg. Ten more male subjects participated in the supplemental study, in which additional condition of the knee angle was employed in postures of the trunk-thigh angles of 90 and 60 degs. Some joint mobilities were also measured to investigate the relations of the mobilities to lumbar lordosis and pelvic tilt. The lumbar curve decreased and the pelvis rotated rearward significantly as the trunk-thigh angle and the knee flexion decreased. The great alteration of the lumbar curve was observed between standing and sitting A, which was much different from the results of Keegan (1953) studied in the subjects of lateral recumbent position. There was a high correlation coefficient between the lumbar curve and the pelvic tilt (r = 0.909), so that the relations of the pelvic tilt to the joint mobilities were investigated. When the knee angle was constant, the pelvic tilt is related significantly to the hamstrings between standing and sitting A and to the gluteus maximus between sitting A and sitting C. However, at different sitting postures with the trunk-thigh angles of 90 and 60 degs involving different knee flexions, hamstrings added to gluteal muscles affected significantly lumbar curve and pelvic tilting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability and validity of the Brooker grading of heterotopic ossification. Anteroposterior hip radiographs of 77 patients, taken 6 months following total hip arthroplasty, were blindly evaluated twice by two surgeons using the Brooker scale. Patients were also evaluated with the Harris hip scale, and range of motion of the hip was determined. All inconsistencies in heterotopic ossification grading were reviewed by the same two surgeons who developed six points of clarification to minimize ambiguities in the Brooker grading criteria. A second set of 76 radiographs were reviewed by the two surgeons using this modified Brooker index. The intraobserver reliability of the two readers was good, with agreements of 77 and 86% and weighted kappa values of 0.63 and 0.69, respectively. The two surgeons demonstrated fair interobserver reliability on the first reading (agreement of 68% and weighted kappa of 0.57) that improved to a good level of reliability (agreement of 77% and weighted kappa of 0.68) using the revised Brooker index. The grade of heterotopic ossification was correlated (r = -.25, P = .005) with the aggregate range of hip motion, but had no relationship to the patient's Harris rating. In conclusion, the grading of heterotopic ossification is reliable. Although the severity of heterotopic ossification did not correlate with the Harris scale, the relationship between heterotopic ossification and range of motion indicates that the Brooker index is also a valid measurement.
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