PubMed · 5261713
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E G Locci, R O Antier, H Viale, E Ayala, E Padula, R Yankilevich, A Blancuzzi, A Capriotti. [Premolars and cuspids. 2].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5261713/
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this in vitro study was to validate the use of the Electronic Caries Monitor (ECM) for the detection of enamel and dentinal caries on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, and to compare it with visual examination, fibre-optic transillumination, conventional and digital bitewing radiography. METHODS: One-hundred and three extracted posterior permanent teeth with no apparent occlusal cavitation were selected and examined using each system. Thirty teeth were re-examined with each system to assess repeatability. Each tooth was then serially sectioned and examined histologically for occlusal caries. RESULTS: The occlusal surfaces of 25 teeth had caries in enamel and 37 had dentinal carious lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of the ECM were 0.78 and 0.80 for the diagnosis of occlusal dentinal lesions (cut-off = 0.391) and 0.65 and 0.73 for enamel lesions (cut-off = 0.501). The weighted kappa value for repeatability of the ECM was 0.68. Of the other diagnostic systems, visual examination provided the best combination of sensitivity and specificity, 0.24 and 0.97 for dentinal caries and 0.60 and 0.73 for enamel caries, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ECM was the most accurate diagnostic tool for the in vitro diagnosis of early, non-cavitated occlusal lesions on posterior teeth.
A sample of 72 orthodontically treated patients was reexamined many years out of retention. They had been treated either by the extraction of four premolars or without extractions. The average number of years between the end of treatment and the taking of follow-up records was 20, with a range of 12 to 35 years. Some conventional measurements were studied such as intertooth widths, arch perimeter, and incisor irregularity. In addition, a new method for comparison of arch form at different stages of treatment, which uses the cubic spline function, was used. Cases were grouped into extraction and nonextraction, and statistics were used to test the differences between the two groups. Correlations between the spline variables and conventional variables were computed, and multiple regression analysis was carried out using the spline variables as dependent variables. Some treatment and relapse changes were independent of whether the case was treated with extractions or not, whereas other trends were unique to one treatment group. The correlation analysis revealed strong relationships between variables that measured changes during the same treatment stage. There were also moderate correlations between some of the spline variables and the traditional measurements. Multiple regression analysis was used to account for changes in some spline variables, however, the usefulness of the model as a predictor is limited.