PubMed · 5875310
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D A Maelzer. 1965. Environment, semantics, and system theory in ecology.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(65)90018-4
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The organization of living entities combines, in close proximity and partial overlap, dissipative and self-organizing systems. Their superposition, in which gradients of opposite signification cross, allows local discontinuities to occur, and in them a place for marginal chaos and fractal configurations. Among other features, a difference in turnover speed characterizes such coupling, higher on the relatively more uniform domain where entropy increases more easily, and lower at the more minutely organized places of preferential information accretion. At the level of elementary physical events, logical aspects of indeterminacy could perhaps be clarified by an observer, assuming that the living system performs the role of a witness of historical progress.
Access to health care has diminished for rural Americans due in part to a record number of rural hospital closures. Hospitals have served as the infrastructure of rural health care. When hospitals close, other health services and providers are frequently lost. Adequate access to health care is one determinant of health. An ecological perspective on environment reveals multiple levels of influence that support or do not support access to rural health care. Implications for nursing science and practice involving all levels of environment are suggested by an ecological view.